240 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



pears. The measnremeiit!< were taken by entirely snhnierjiinj; the fruit in a 

 special vase filled to the brim with water, the water thus displaced being caught 

 and measured in a graduated glass. 



It is concluded from this study that with pears the volume accretion of the 

 fruit is very irregular and differs greatly among different varieties. The late 

 maturing fruits show a maximum growth development during the periods 

 directly ])receding the harvest. Summer pears show the greatest increase in 

 growth during the middle of their season. With autumn fruits the greatest 

 increase was made frtmi a month to G weeks before the harvest with some 

 varieties to just previous to the harvest with others. 



The orchards of Maine, E. F. Hitchings (Bui. [Maine] Dept. Agr., 7 (1908), 

 No. 1, pp. 39, pis. 2, figs. 6). — Owing to the severe injury to the orchards in some 

 sections of Maine during the winter of 1906-7, the author was called upon to 

 make an investigation relative to the extent and causes of this damage. The 

 present bulletin contains a report of this investigation, together with suggestions 

 for the cultivation and care of fruit, including methods of controlling insect 

 pests and fungus diseases. In all, 950 orchards were inspected with a total of 

 443,184 trees, of which number 24,613 were killed outright, and it is estimated 

 that about the same number were injured more or less severely. 



The orchards investigated included all conditions of location, culture, etc., 

 but where the loss was heavy the conditions were found to be the same. The 

 ground was but slightly frozen, a covering of snow prevented further freezing, 

 and the cells in the cambium layer were destroyed by the sap or moisture being 

 withdrawn quickly by a sudden freeze after the warm weather. 



Survey and outlook of the fruit interests of the State ( Wyo. Bd. Hort. 

 ^pcc. Btil., 1 {1007), Xo. 1, pp. 32, pi. 1, figs. 12). — This bulletin contains a gen- 

 eral survey of horticultural operations in Wyoming during 1907, including con- 

 sideration of the operation of the horticultural law, the establishment of home 

 nurseries, nursery and orchard inspection work, the record of the organization 

 of the State horticultural society, and addresses on the future of horticulture 

 in the State of Wyoming by J. M. Carey and on wind-breaks by W. W. Wolfe. 

 The text is accompanied with illustrations of different varieties of apples grown 

 in the State. 



The status of the American lemon industry, G. H. Powell ( JJ. 8. Dept. Agr. 

 Yearbook J 907, pp. 3.'i3-360, ;;/.S'. 5, figfi. 2). — An account of lemon culture in 

 California relative to its history and present development, methods of cultui'e, 

 protection against frost, insect and fungus troubles, and the cost of maintaining 

 a lemon grove. The various phases of handling the crop are also discussed, 

 including picking, washing, coloring, curing and storing. Tabular data are 

 given showing the imports of lemons in the United States for the fiscal years 

 1900 to 1907 and shipments of lemons from southern California from 1897 to 

 1907. The annual import of lemons, mostly from Sicily, is given as about 

 150,000,000 lbs. The annual production in California approximates 100,000,000 

 lbs. As a result of the recent progress in the industry the demand for the best 

 brands of California lemons is greater than the present supply. 



Strawberries for New Hampshire, H. F. Hall {New llamp.^hirc Sta. Bui. 

 137, pp. 159-188, figs. 32).— This bulletin was prepared for the benefit of the 

 amateur as well as the commercial grower. Part one deals with the various 

 cultural phases, including selection and preparation of soil, fertilizing, planting, 

 varieties, cultivation, training, irrigating, mulching, harvesting, selling, renewal 

 of old beds, and the estimated cost of production. Part two consists of descrip- 

 tive notes, with illustrations in many cases, of varieties tested on the college 

 grounds. 



