ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 253 



••stabliPhed. It also attacks the predaceous ant wliicli feeds upon the boll 

 weevil. The New Orleans uut feeds upon meat, lard, honey, sugars, cakes, and 

 nejirly all the food pr^oducts, and uinltiplies to such an extent that great 

 tiilticulty is exi»erienced in preventing its injuries. The insect is described 

 ill all its stages. 



\V. A. Hooker called attention to habits and methods of study of ticks 

 (l)p. 34-51), discussing such matters as host relationship, adaptations as factors 

 in this relationshi)), geographical distribution, and life history of ticks and 

 methods used in breeding ticks. He also gave A Review of the Present 

 Knowledge of the Role of Ticks m the Transmissiou of Disease (pp. 65-76), in 

 which the literature of this subject is briefly discussed in connection with a 

 bibliography and tables are presented showing the zoological position of para- 

 sites transmitted by ticks and also the classification of ticks. 



W. D. Hunter announced A Tentative Law on the Incubation of the Eggs of 

 the Cattle Tick (pp. 51-55). It appears that the total effective temperature 

 required for hatching the eggs of the cattle ticks varied from 840 to 1510° F. 

 In about one-half of the tick-infested area eggs deposited after the middle of 

 September do not hatch until spring. 



The Relation of Temperature to the Hibernation of Insects is considered by 

 E. D. Sanderson (pp. 56-65). The thermal-constant for insects is defined as 

 " that accumulation of the mean daily temperature above the critical point 

 of the species which will cause it to emerge from hibernation or to transform 

 from any given stage." The observations reported by the author were made 

 on tent cater])illar, brown-tail moth, and codling moth. 



Thirty-eighth annual report of the Entomological Society of Ontario {Ann. 

 liyt. Ent..Soc. Ontario, 38 (1907), pp. 136, pis. 4, figs. //7).— At the forty-fourth 

 annual meeting of the society held in Guelph, October 31 and NovembeV 1, 1907, 

 a number of papers were read the more important of which are noted below. 



President J. Fletcher in his annual address (pp. 9-15) called attention to some 

 of the tangible results which have been accomplished by economic entomology 

 and discussed the liberality of the United States in providing funds for ento- 

 mological research. 



A conference was held on fruit-tree insects (pp. 1.5-22) at which a number of 

 pests were considered including fruit-tree bark beetle, codling moth, oyster- 

 shell bark-louse, terrapin scale, San Jose scale, and woolly aphis. 



Brief reports were made on the insects of the year by C. H. Young 

 (pp. 22-27) ; on The Gipsy and Brown-Tail ]Moths in Massachusetts, by A. H. 

 Kirkliuid (pp. 27-31) ; on nocturnal insects, by T. W. Fyles (pp. 31-34) ; and 

 on the collection and rearing of dragon flies, by E. M. Walker (pp. 43-50). 



T. I). Jarvis presented A Preliminary List of the Scale Insects of Ontario- 

 (pp. 50-72), in which remedies are suggested for the more important species 

 of scale insects. The preparation of lime-sulphur wash was discussed by 

 L. Caesar (pp. 72-82). The minimum strength of this wash is considered to 

 be 20 lbs. lime and 15 lbs. sulphur per 40 gals, of water. It is recommended 

 that the mixture be boiled vigorously for 1 hour. It is an effective wash not 

 only against scale insects and plant lice but is also of value in the control of 

 peach-leaf curl, gooseberry mildew, plum rot, and pear scab. Among the other 

 papers presented at this meeting the following maj^ be mentioned : An Fnusual 

 Outbreak of Halisidota Caterpillars, by A. Gibson (pp. 82-85) ; Insect Galls of 

 Ontario, by T. D. Jarvis (pp. 85-94) ; Injurious Insects in Ontario in 1907, 

 and An Outbreak of the Variegated Cutworm, by C. J. S. Bethune (pp. 9.5- 

 102) ; and Entomological Record for 1907, by J. Fletcher and A. Gibson 

 (PP, 113, 114). 



