ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 371 



Paddock feeding of pigs, E, R. Sawer {Natal Agr. Jour, and Min. Rec, 

 10 (1907), No. 7, pp. 701, 702). — Peanuts, sweet potatoes, beans, and arrow- 

 root were compared as pasturage for pigs at the Winkel Spruit Experiment 

 Farm, the pasturage being supplemented by small amounts of other feed. The 

 total gain made by 12 pigs on peanuts was 69.7 lbs. per week and on sweet 

 potatoes 101.5 lbs. The experimental periods covered from 2 to 3 weeks. 



Fattening" pigs, Brandt (Dent. Landio. Presse, 35 (1908), No. 6, pp. 55, 

 56). — In an article quoted from Uannoversclic Land- und Forstwirthscliaftliche 

 Zcitung data are summarized regarding the feeding of pigs in accordance with 

 theoretical requirements. 



Standardizing breed characteristics, W. J. Spillman (Proc. Soc. Prom. 

 Agr. /S'c/., 28 (1907), pp. 115-121, figs. 3). — Attention is devoted to the recur- 

 rence of black specimens among pure-bred Hampshire swine. Since a distinct 

 white band is required in this breed, various attempts have been made to 

 eliminate the tendency to produce black specimens. From a consideration of 

 the inheritance of Mendelian characters it is believed that the desired result 

 may best be brought about by testing all male breeding animals. If a male when 

 bred to a recessive female produces any young showing recessive characters, 

 he should be discarded. The same result may be brought about by discarding 

 all male and female Hampshire hogs which show the recessive character of 

 white feet. If this course is adopted, it will be unnecessary to use black breed- 

 ing animals to eliminate the white feet. 



Breeds of horses, P. Diffloth (Races ChevaUnes. Paris, 1908, pp. Tin-\- 

 .'t67; rev. in Nature [London], 77 (1908), No. 1998, p. 339).— K classification 

 and discussion of breeds of horses, together with statistics of the number of 

 horses in the world and short chapters on the ass and mule. Data are also 

 presented regarding the government efforts in France to encourage horse breed- 

 ing. This volume is included in the series Encyclopedie Agricole. 



The horses of the British Empire, edited by H. F. de Trafford et al. 

 (London, 1907, vols. 1, pp. riII+286, pis. 18, figs. 203; 2, pp. VIII+2.',5, pis. 10, 

 figs. 551). — The origin and history of domestic horses and the principal breeds 

 of horses, particularly those of importance in the British Empire, are discussed 

 and a large amount of data on horses and horse breeding is summarized. The 

 chapters are contributed by different authors and the work is very fully 

 illustrated. 



Types and breeds of horses in the Russian Empire, edited by N. A. 

 GouLKEViCH ([1907], pp. IV+30, pis. 68). — By means of illustrations and 

 text the author describes the principal types of Russian horses. The text of 

 the volume appears in Russian, English, German, and French. 



Horse feeding with saccharin substances (Sugar Beet, 29 (1908), No. ^, 

 pp. 295, 296). — Experiments carried on by Latschenberger and S. Polansky at 

 the Vienna Veterinary School are summarized. When lump sugar was fed to 

 2 horses, the maximum amount being 4 kg. per day for a horse weighing 475 

 kg., the animals remained in a satisfactory condition, gained somewhat in 

 weight, and did not drink excessive amounts of water. The basal ration con- 

 sisted of 3.6 kg. of oats and 4.5 kg. of hay. 



Tests were also summarized in which peat molasses was fed in addition to 

 oats and hay, a kilogram per head per day giving very satisfactory results. 



The use of bonnets for horses, B. d'Anchald (Bui. Soc. Nat. Agr. France, 

 67 (1907), No. 10, pp. 880-883; ahs. in Rev. Gen. Agron., 17 (1908), No. 2, pp. 

 76, 77). — Studies of body temperatures of horses with and without bonnets 

 showed the animals were cooler without them. The author considers that 

 bonnets are neither necessary nor desirable. 

 61717— No. 4—08 6 



