VETEKINARY MEDICINE. 381 



miiltiuuclear and are believed by the author to be derived chiefly from the 

 spleen. 



Hematogenous tuberculosis, Morpurgo (Verhandl. Deut. Path. Oesell., 1907, 

 pp. 189-191). — In experiments vpith rabbits and guinea pigs it was found that 

 when only a few tubercle bacilli gain entrance to the circulating blood the 

 primary lesions will appear in various parts, the degree of progressiveness 

 depending upon special susceptibility of the animal. If the animal is par- 

 ticularly susceptible, infection progresses rapidly, assuming in most cases the 

 form of miliary tuberculosis with almost constant localization in the lymphatic 

 organs. 



The occurrence of latent tubercle bacilli in the lymphatic glands of cattle 

 and hogs, Joest (Verhandl. Deut. Path. Gescll., 1907, pp. 195-209). ^The liter- 

 ature relating to the occurrence of tubercle bacilli in the lymphatic glands is 

 critically reviewed. The author maintains on the basis of his investigation 

 that from a histological standpoint there is no latent tuberculosis of the lym- 

 phatic glands. It is necessary to make a microscopic examination of suspected 

 lymphatic glands in order to determine whether or not tubercle bacilli are 

 present. The investigations reported by the author were made on cattle, hogs, 

 and goats, and led the author to conclude that there is never any latent tuber- 

 culous lesion in the lymphatic glands of cattle or hogs affected with generalized 

 tuberculosis. 



Eradication of tuberculosis, J. Niven (Vet. Rec, 20 (1908), No. 1033, pp. 

 762-769). ^A brief tabular statement is given showing the results of the inspec- 

 tion of dairy cows with respect to the percentage of mammary tuberculosis, 

 clinical tuberculosis, and incipient forms of the disease recognizable only by 

 the tuberculin test. For the control and eradication of tuberculosis among 

 dairy hex-ds the plans suggested by the author include the division of the country 

 into administrative areas each provided with a veterinary staff, the registration 

 and marking of all dairy cows, isolation of tuberculous cows, immediate 

 slaughter of all advanced cases, sterilization of milk from all tuberculous cows, 

 and compensation to owners for slaughtered cattle, at least for a period of 1 

 or 2 years. 



Contagious abortion in cattle, F. W. Wilson (Arizona Sfa. Bill. .J7. pp. 279- 

 283). — Several cases of this disease are reported from different localities in 

 the State. In the station herd the disease is thought to have been communicated 

 to 5 cows through the medium of the sire. Later, under strict sanitary condi- 

 tions, one of the affected animals was served from this sire and dropped a living 

 calf. A number of cows on neighboring farms have recently been served by 

 this sire and showed no signs of abortion. The cause of the disease and its 

 treatment are discussed. 



Retention of the afterbirth in cattle, C. Pomayer (Das Zuruckhaltcn der 

 Nachgehurt hcim Rind. Berlin, 1908, pp. 6'i, figs. 9). — The literature relating 

 to the retention of the afterbirth is critically reviewed and a brief bibliography 

 of the subject is given. The author discusses the processes involved in the 

 natural separation of the fetal membranes from the uterine wall, and reports 

 observations made chiefly on microscopic sections showing the connection be- 

 tween the fetal and uterine tissues at different stages in the development of 

 the fetus. According to these observations the afterbirth is retained for an 

 unusual period or there is total inability to expel it in cases in which the 

 process of parturition is unusually long or in which excessive weakness of the 

 animal was brought about by defective nutrition, distention of the rumen, ex- 

 cessive heat, or the presence of disease. 



With regard to the prognosis in cases of retention of the afterbirth any evi- 

 dence of septic infection must be looked upon seriously since such infection is 



