VETERINARY MEDTPTNE. 479 



nagana, surra, galziekte. trypanosomiasis of goats, aud riuderpest. A l>ibU- 

 ography relating to these diseases is appended to the volume. 



Complication of rinderpest with, piroplasmosis, J. Kowalewsky (Jour. 

 Mrd. Yet. ct Znotech., 59 (lOOS), J/rtr., pp. l',6-150). — The author' describes the 

 symptoms and pathological lesions produced in cattle simultaneously infected 

 with rinderpest and piroplasmosis, A number of other instances are known in 

 which two diseases may affect the same animal simultaneously. 



Alterations in the blood of animals affected with experimental trypanoso- 

 miases, V. L. Yakimoff (Arch. 8cL Biol. [Sf. Petersh.], 13 (1908), No. 3, pp. 

 2.'i3-276, pis. 2). — The experiments reported by the author were made on various 

 laboratory animals with cultures of the trypauosomes of nagana and mal de 

 caderas. 



AVith regard to the effect of experimental inoculation of trypauosomes upon 

 the blood, thi-ee periods may be differentiated. In the first period there is an 

 increase in the total number of leucocytes, particularly the polynuclear cells, and 

 a decrease in the number of lymphocytes. In the second period the trypauo- 

 somes appear in the blood and simultaneously there is a decrease in the total 

 number of leucocytes and an increase in the number of lymphocytes. The third 

 ]ieriod which in fatal cases occurs shortly before death is characterized by an 

 increase in the number of polynuclear leucocytes and irregular variations hi the 

 relative proportions of the different forms of leucocytes. 



A bibliography is appended. 



The biology of the pathogenic organism of hemorrhagic septicemia, H. 

 Ostertag (Ztschr. Infcktionskraiik. u. IJyg. Haustiere, Jf (1908), Xo. 1-2. pp. 

 l-.'i). — The purpose of the study reported in this paper was to determine the 

 importance of certain- practical methods for controlling hemorrhagic septicemia. 

 It appears that the organism of this disease is quite readily destroyed by 

 desiccation, even in pure cultures being killed by desiccation for 7 days under 

 the influence of diffuse sunlight. Experiments also indicated that under ordi- 

 nary treatment the bacillus becomes completely nonvirulent on the skins of 

 animals affected with the disease. On the other hand, the bacillus shows high 

 resisting power toward decomiiosition, retaining its virulence for 100 days or 

 more in decomposing blood and meat. 



Lecithinophilous property of the tubercle bacillus and tuberculin, A. Cal- 

 METTE, L. JIassol, and M. Breton iCompt. Rend. Acad. 8ci. [Pans], l.'/G (1908), 

 Xo. 13, pp. 676-679). — In a series of experiments carried on by the authors it 

 was foimd that serums which contain lecithin revealed its presence by their power 

 of rendering cobra poison more active in disintegrating washed red blood cor- 

 puscles. In fact this method may be used for e!?timating quite closely the quan- 

 tity of lecithin in sera, merely measuring the quantity of the serum which is 

 capable of rendering active a certain AA'eight of the cobra poison. It was found 

 that the blood sera of tuberculous animals and man contain a considerable 

 amount of lecithin while normal serum shows none of this substance. 



The etiology of tuberculosis, :m. P. Ravenel (Berlin. Klin, Wchnschr., J/o 

 (1908), Xo. 16, pp. 788-793). — A brief review is given of the literature on tuber- 

 culosis, particularly that relating t<j the point of origin of tuberculous infection. 

 The feeding ex])eriments and observations of the author along this line are 

 summarized. 



The conclusion is reached that the tubercle bacillus frequently gains entrance 

 to the body through the alimentary canal and that such infection may take 

 place without leaving any trace of lesion at the point of entrance, especially 

 during the digestion of fats. After passing through the intestinal wall the 

 tubercle bacilli are carrie<l with the chyle through the lymph vessels and 

 thoracic duct into the liluotl, siibscMincntly reacliiiig the lungs or oIIht organs. 



