EUKAL ENGINEERING. 



485 



details of the lile system, including the cost of eacli necessary item for ditfereut 

 sizes and dei)ths of tile. Tlie cost of tlie tile and of tiauling and distributing 

 are also uoted. 



A brief account of liouse and yard drainage installed is given. Tliere is also 

 a short account of the manufacture of cement tile, both on the farm and in the 

 factory. The experience with that made on the farm indicated that it is not 

 economical to manufacture small-sized pipe, 



A portion of the bulletin is devoted to reports on excavating machinery used 

 in the Red River Valley. Two land machines, a ditcher and a walking dredge, 

 are described, the former being reported to be specially suited to land which 

 is stable enough to support its track and which is comparatively free from 

 thnber or rock. An elevating grader, used on the farm, is also described. 



Irrigation and drainage, C. F. Brown (Bcserct Farmer, 5 {1908} ^ No. 12, 

 PIK -J. 7i, 13, fig. 1). — This is a popular article dealing with the drainage of 

 seeped lands in irrigated regions, and briefly outlines the general principles 

 to be observed in reclaiming this class of land. It describes the procedure nec- 

 essary to prepare suitable plans for drainage and the practical considerations 

 necessary to maintain the drains in proper order. It is remarked that it is not 

 sufiicient merely to intercept the seeped water but that an outlet must also be 

 made on the lower land. The article includes a description of the investigation 

 and plans made for reclaiming a tract of 50 acres of seeped land in the Bear 

 Itiver Valley, Utah. 



Geometrical measuring plate (Illus. Laiidiv. Ztg., 28 (1908), No. 81, p. 71) 'i, 

 figx. 5). — This article describes a simple measuring device suitable for farm 

 surveying and for obtaining differences in elevation. It consists of a plate 

 graduated in degrees like a protractor, and two standards by which a line of 

 sight is established. It is used for surveying by triangulating from a measured 

 base line, and in place of a level by reading horizontal angles. To do this the 

 plate can be set in a vertical plane and a vertical line constructed with the aid 

 of a plumb-bob. 



Tests of gasoline-operated farm motors {Canad. Thresherman and Fanner, 

 II (1908), No. 8, pp. 5-6, 70, fir/.s. 20; Nor'-West Farmer, 27 {1908), No. 1.',, pp. 

 ()77, 67.S', fi(jx. ■')). — There are described here the various machines entered in 

 the agricultural motor contest held in July at Winnipeg, Canada, the first 

 ever held in America, with the conditions prescribed for the competitors and 

 the methods used in judging the winners. 



Plowing by the direct system with motor power, V. Thallmayer (Laiiilir. 

 Mdsrh. n. Gerafe, 8 {1908), No. 22, pp. 1, 2, figs. .3).— A brief discussion of the 

 general ])rinciples of motor cultivation, with the following results of tests made 

 in Winniiieg, Canada, at the contest noted above: 



Te-sis of ya.^oJiitv-opcratrd ;/io/orv. 



