ANIMAL rUODUCTION. 667 



loiild di;; inulor the I'imk-o ami iirobably cats can fliinl) over or thrmi^ih it. 

 Changes are suggested for siniihir fences. 



A stndy of the action of sliecp is summarized as follows: " Wlien entirely 

 [i^-otei-ted from destructive animals a band of dry sheep will seiiarate into 

 bunches, perhaps come together again, and again sei»arate while grazing: 

 tiiey will graze n)uch more openly and do much less trailing than when they 

 are herded; they may travel as far or farther in one day than when herded, 

 but the movement is much less injurious to the forage crop, because they pass 

 uver an area only once and are^then scattered so that only one animal strikes 

 a plant, whereas when herded they may pass backward and forward over an 

 area many times, and perhaps as many as 50 sheep may strike one plant; 

 their natural tendency is to bed at night in bands, but in smaller bands than 

 when herded: and they nnich prefer a bed ground that has often been used to 

 one that is entirely new." 



[Experiments with lambs and swine], G. II. True {Nevada 8ta. Bui. 63, 

 lip. 27-2H). — Crosses of the*L)orset and Merino were made in order to furnish 

 lambs for the Easter market at San Francisco. Lambs l)oni in the winter of 

 1!)U5-G made a satisfactory gain of over 4 lbs. per week. The ewes were fed 

 alfalfa hay, chopped roots, barley, and bran. The lambs also received some 

 grain. The first shipment was sold for 20 cts. per pound dressed weight. The 

 remainder brought o-j cts. i)er pound on board cars at Reno. 



In 100."), 4 Tamworth sows and a boar were purchased to conduct an experi- 

 ment in bacon production. Twenty pigs were born and were kept with the sows 

 in an alfalfa pasture. There being no shade the pigs were seriously affected by 

 sunburn and some of them died. The ears of the old sows were also affected. 

 The author thinks that in a rogion of bright sunshine black pigment in the skin 

 is necessary for i)rotection. 



Pig-feeding experiments, F. B, Linfielu (Montana Sta. Jiul. 13, pp. .'i3-o9). — 

 A study of suppiemenlary feeds in economic fattening of hogs, which is a con- 

 tinuation of i»revious work ( K. S. li., IS. p. 71). 



The first experiment was undertaken with IG grade Berkshires, 5 months old, 

 divided into 4 lots and fed for 50 days, to compare the effect of adding skim 

 nnlk, alfalfa, and sugar beets to a grain ration. The average daily gains per 

 head were for the lot fed grain alone 1.1 lbs., at a cost of 4.50 cts. per pound; 

 for the lot receiving the grain and skim milk ration 1:3, 1.9 lbs., at a cost of 

 ;t.70 cts. per pound; on the grain and alfalfa ration 1.20 lbs., at a cost of 4.15 

 cts. j)er i)omid : and on the grain and sugar-lieet ration l.t!:; lbs., at a cost of 3.61 

 cts. per poimd. 



To comi)are varying amounts of skim milk 3 lots, with 5 young hogs in each 

 lot, were fed for 1 month rations of grain and skim milk 1 : 5, 1:3, and 1:1. 

 The average daily gains per head were respectively 1.1 lbs, 1.2 lbs., and 1.4 lbs., 

 at a cost resitectively of .'{.30 cts., .3.08 cts., and 3.4 cts. i)er pound. The same 

 hogs, with one additional, were also divided into 4 lots and fed for <!5 days to 

 compare! pe.as and barley, ."ind to determine the value of roots and clover when 

 fed with grain. The average daily gains per head were, on the ration of peas 

 and oats :\ : 1, 1 lb., at a cost of T.fJS cts. per p(»und : on b.irley and oats 3 : 1, 1.03 

 1I)H., at a co.st of .^».74 cts. ; on barley and oats 3 : 1, and sugar l)eets, 0.84 lb., at a 

 ••o8t of .5.71 cts. : and on Itarley and oats 3 : 1 and clover, 0.83 lb., at a cost of 0.15) 

 cts. per pound. One lb. of sugar beets was fed to 3 lbs. of gr.ain and 1 lb. of 

 clover was ftnl to 5 n>s. of grain. 



KxiieriinenI 4, which includ(Hl 12 bogs divided into 4 lots and lasted SO days, 

 was made to compare supplementary foods with b:irley and oats fed in the 

 r.itio of I : 1 as a bas;il ration. On the barley ami oats alone the daily gains jter 

 head averaged 1.3 lbs., at a cost of 3.(i5 cts. per pound; on the grain and skim 



