852 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



the iiiiiiiiiiuiu tt'iuiuTiiture is iterbups the moro iiuitortant factor. Among the 

 insects whoso distribution is considered as more or less controlled by minimum 

 temperatures are brown-tail n)oth, harlequin cabi)age bug, cotton-boll worm or 

 corn earworm, West Indian peach, San Jose and other scales, asparagus beetle, 

 elm-leaf beetle, Morellos orange fruit worm (Anaslrcpha hidens), rose chafer, 

 and the striped cucumber beetle. It is concluded that the present upper austral 

 s:one of the siu'vey does not extend far enough to the northeast and extends 

 too far to the northwest. Maps are given showing the isotherms for minimum 

 temperatures in the T'nited States and Europe and of the life /.ones and the 

 distribution ot San .Jose scale in this country. 



Observations on the social parasites and slavery of ants, K. Wasmann 

 {Biol. Vcntbl., 28 (1908), Nos. 6, pp. 257-271, fig. 1; 9, pp. 289-306, fig. 1; 10, pp. 

 S21-333, fig. 1; 11-12, pp. 353-382; 13, pp. J,17-U1 ; abs. in Nature [London], 

 79 (1908), No. 2037, pp. 51, 52). — ^A series of papers giving the results of recent 

 elaborate observations and experiments respecting the behavior of different 

 species of ants, living together in the same nest, toward each other and their 

 treatment of small beetles and other jiarasitcs which liv(> in ants' nests. 



A preliminary list of the lepidoptera of western Pennsylvania collected in 

 the vicinity of Pittsburg, II. Engel (Ann. Carnegie Mas., .7 (l!Hl)S), No. I, 

 pp. 27-136). — A list prepared by the author in which the nomencliiture and 

 order given in Dyar's list is followed. Nearly 1,500 species and \arieties are 

 enumei'ated and it is stated that more than 100 additional si)ecies from this 

 section still remain in collections awaiting determination. 



A monographic catalogue of the Mymarid genus Alaptus of Haliday, with 

 descriptions of three new North American forms and of A. icei-yse from 

 type material, A. A. Girault (Ann. Ent. Hoc. Amer., 1 (1908), No. 3, pit. 179- 

 195. figs. 5). — Of the 11 species here listed, the host relations of 4 are Icnown, ."i 

 having been roared from coecidie and 1 from psocid eggs. 



Locust plague in Panama, G. T. Weitzel. (Dailij Vonsiilar and Trade 

 Rpts. \U. /S'.], 1908, No. 335I1, p. 5). — The plague of locusts against which the 

 government of Panama has been fighting for several months has become a 

 serious menace to the agricultural interests of the country, particularly in the 

 district of Chejio, where great areas have been denuded of foliage and plants 

 and crops almost totally destroyed. A commission appointed aj)]n"opriated the 

 sum of $47.") per month to tight the pest. 



" The method of extermination most generally adopted has been to dig a 

 trench about 50 ft. in length, 2 ft. wide, and 1 ft. deep, with perpendicular sides, 

 in which the locusts are dri^•eu by men beating the grass and trees with switches. 

 In this way millions are collected and are destroyed with a solution of strong 

 lye soapsuds. The trench is then refilled with earth so as to allay the odor." 



Notes on grasshopper (or locust) swarms in New South Wales during 

 1907-8, AV. B. GuRNEY (Agr. Gaz. N. H. Wales, 19 (1908), No. 5, pp .'ill-4l9, 

 pi. 1. figfi. 6). — Besides Chorloicctes tcrminifcra which is described as the most 

 widespread and destructive, C. pusilla, Ocdalus scnegalcn.^is, Locusia danica, 

 and Vyrtacanthacris cracia are mentioned. Sarcophaga pachytijU and 8. 

 aurifronfi are ])arasitic upon these pests. 



In experiments with kerosene emulsion about 50 per cent wei"e destroyed. 

 Poisoned bait consisting of Paris green and bran mixed in the proportion of 

 1 : 10 and made into a mash with water sweetened with molasses destroyed 

 many. An emulsion of a carbolic shee|i wash was successfully used. Many 

 of the larger hopiters were fomid eventually to recover from the effects of con- 

 tact sprays. 



Locust destruction work in the Transvaal, I). (Junn {Transraal Agr. Jour.. 

 7 (1908), No. 25, pp. 75-80, maps 3). — A report upon the work against the brown 



