ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 867 



and tbat whole milk is worth S cts. jier quart to niilkineu, the cost of the milk 

 for a 13-weeks-old calf receiving no rolled oats is $26.96. When roller oats 

 (which cost 4.4 cts. per pound delivered in barrel lots) are substituted for 

 milk as shown above, the cost of the calf feed for the same period is only 

 $12.46. a saving of $14.50 in favor of the rolled oats." 



A summary of reports on feeding experiments with, diastasolin (Milch 

 Ztt/., 37 (190S), No. -}7, ;)/). 553, 55'/). — Thtsc results indicate that diastasolin 

 may be used to provide a cheap substitute for whole milk in calf feeding. 



Outlook for the beef industry in Canada, J. H. Grisdale (Frtrmcr's Advo- 

 cate, .'iS (liWS), Xo. S-'i6, pp. 1889, J 890, figs. 5). — A general discussion of this 

 subject. The increase in the dairy industry has led to the use of dairy sires 

 and has retarded the beef industry. The possibilities of the business west 

 of the Great I^akes are deemed enormous wlierever there is a butter market. 

 Packing plants in Montreal or Toronto would help the situation. 



The wool industry and its improvement, H. Geldard (Transraal Agr. Jour., 

 7 {J908), Jo. .^5, PI). 15-20, pi. 1, flg. I). — Suggestions ai"e given as to improving 

 the (piality of Australian and South African wools. 



Causes of the heavy loss of lambs in 1908, W. J. Quick and A. 1'. Sim:.\( i;h 

 (Virginia Sta. Bui. 178, pp. 57-7//, figs. 7). — This bulletin contains statistics 

 of the sheep industry in Virginia and reports the results of an inquiry into 

 the causes of a lieavy loss of lambs during the lambing season of 1908. 



" In 73 flocks visited 961 lambs were lost out of 5,252 dropped, or 19 per 

 cent. In 65 flocks reported by letter, 1.478 lambs were lost out of 8,068 dropped, 

 or 18 per cent. Figuring on this basis for the State as a whole, 70.147 lambs, 

 valued at .$;}.")( ),375, were lost in Virginia during the lambing season of 1908. 

 The estimate<l loss from natural and unpreventable causes was 14,020 lambs, 

 valued at $70,145. The estimated loss from preventable causes was 56,118 lambs, 

 valued at $280,590. . . . 



" The losses were due to the following causes : Cold and exposure, 40 per 

 cent; lack of milk, 31 per cent: weakness, 9 per cent; disease and accident, 3 

 per cent ; worrying by dogs, 1 per cent ; natural causes. 16 per cent." 



Suggestions are also presented for the i)roper care of ewes before and after 

 lambing and on the general management of sheep. 



Goat breeding, K. Bodekek (Ziegcnz^ucht. Hanover, 1907, pp. YI-51, figs. 

 13). — This is a brief treatise on the breeding, feeding, and management of goats. 



Foods supplementary to corn in fattening pigs, E. A. Burnett (Nehraska 

 Sta. Bui. 107, pp. 3-10). — A continuation of work previously noted (E. S. R., 

 18, p. 570). 



In ]90<;-7 four lots of 4 Duroc-.Tersey pigs, kept in a hog house, were fed a 

 basal ration of corn meal. liOt 1 received no sujiplementary ration and made 

 a daily gain per pig of 0.95 lb., at a cost of 4.66 cts. per pound. Lot 2, fed corn 

 and shorts 3:1, made a daily gain per pig of 1 lb. at a cost of 4.43 cts. per 

 pound. Lot 3, fed corn and tankage 9:1, made a daily gain per pig of 1.1 lbs., 

 at a cost of 4.27 cts. per pound. Lot 4 was fed corn and ground bone 9:1 and 

 gained per pig per day 0.95 lb., at a cost of 4.6 cts. per pound. 



In 1907-8 the experiment was repeated, except that the pigs were kept in 

 alfalfa pastui-e. The average daily gains per pig were, for lot 1 0.98 lb., lot 

 2 0.97 lb., lot 3 1.18 lbs., and lot 4 1.01 lbs. The average cost per iwund of 

 gain was, respectively, 2.38, 2.64, 3.19, and 2.72 cts. A fifth lot, fed corn meal 

 and steamed ground bone 9:1, gained 0.97 lb. per pig per day, at a cost of 

 2.62 cts. per poimd. When the same rations were fed to pigs in a dry lot, 

 the average daily gains jier pig were, resr)ectively, 1.06 lbs., 1.09 lbs., 1.36 lbs., 

 1.19 lbs., and 1.09 lbs. The average cost per pound of gain was, respectively, 

 3.88, 4.18, 4.87, 4.10, and 4.17 cts. 



