1186 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Infection of dogs with human and bovine types of the tubercle bacillus, 

 C. TiTZE aud O. Wkidaxz {Tubcrkulo.se Arb. K. (IsiuUit-samt., J908, Xo. 9, i>i). 

 79-92; ab.^. in Bui. In.st. Pasteur, 6 (1908), .Yf>. 22, p. 1006).— The authors first 

 consider the statistics rehiting to the frequency of the disease and review the 

 literature on the subject. From inoculation experiments it is concluded 

 that dofis are very resistant to both the human and bovine tyi»es of the bacillus, 

 whatever the manner of introduction. This appears to be a natural immunity 

 possessed even ))y young dogs. Tuberculous dogs were found to react to 

 tuberculin. A bililiography is appended. 



Tuberculosis of parrots and canaries, A. Weber, C. Titze, and O. Weidanz 

 (Tuh( rkiil'i.sc Arb. K. (l.-iudhtsamt., 190S. .Yo. 9. pp. 59-18; abs. in Bui. Inst., 

 Pasteur, 6 (1!W8). Yo. 22, pp. 100), 1005). — Parrots were infected in various 

 ways with the bovine, human, and fowl types of the tubercle bacillus. While 

 they were susceptible to the 3 types, the bovine tyjie was most virulent and the 

 fowl type the least so. 



Experiments are also reported in which the .3 types were ingested by canaries. 

 The fowl type was found to be the most virulent. 



The ophthalmic reaction to tuberculin, Le D. Bailliart {Jour. Compar. 

 Path, and Tlicr., 21 (1908). Yo. .',. pp. .iOS-.i2; i .— This is a reirort presented on 

 behalf of the Societe de Pathologic Comparee to the International Congress on 

 Tuberculosis held at Washington, D. C, in lOOS. The following are the con- 

 clusions arrived at : 



■■ The ophthalmic test is a method of diagnosis which is, in general, without 

 danger when applied to eyes that are quite free from any tuberculous lesions. 

 It is sometimes followed by slight and temporary ill effects. The reaction is 

 not always proportionate to the extent of the lesions. It is often absent in the 

 last stages of the disease. It is sometimes followed by systemic disturbance, 

 which is always inconsiderable and lasts only for a short time. Very often the 

 reaction is doul)tfu]. In bovines, because of the difficulties of examination, 

 doubtful cases should be considered negative. . . . 



'"In bovines the ophthalmic test alone is a very untrustworthy method, and 

 can not pretend to replace the ordinary subcutaneous injection. The second- 

 ary ocular reaction gives results which are far superior. In the vast majority 

 of cases the two processes, simple subcutaneous injection and the combined 

 ophthalmic reaction, give the same results. 



'* Exceptionally, a tuberculous animal does not react to this second ocular 

 test. More frequently one gets a positive ophthalmic reaction in a nontuber- 

 culous animal. Although the combined ophthalmic reactirm can not rejdace the 

 subcutaneous injection of tuberculin as a means of diagnosis, it remains a 

 useful metliod, far more simple, and of genuine utility in certain circumstances." 



Five years' experience of protective inoculation ag'ainst tuberculosis in 

 cattle by von Behring's method, Strelinger (Berlin. Tierurztl. Wchnschr., 

 1908, No. 22, pp. 385-388; abs. in Jour. Compar. Path, and TJier., 21 (1908), 

 Xo. 3, pp. 220-225). — The author reports inoculation experiments conducted at 

 Savar, Hungary, in which von Behring's directions were punctiliously ob- 

 served. Attention is called to the importance of choosing only quite young 

 and healthy animals. 



" Our experience shows that bovovaccination is capable of conferring marked 

 protection against infection for a period of 5^ years, the percentage of Si-year- 

 old animals protected by bovovaccination, and which reacted when afterwards 

 submitted to tuberculin, only numbering 10 per cent, whilst before the intro- 

 duction of i)rotective inoculation 50 per cent of 2-year-old artificially reared 

 animals reacted to tuberculin. 



