FIELD CROPS. 29 



peas inr table line or tlie field peas for export. For 7 years the average annual yield 

 of grain of the grass pea has been 25.7 bu. and the yield of straw 2.7 tons per acre. 

 Tlie yields also compared very well with the yields of vetch. The chick pea ( (Jlcer 

 arirthuDii) has given an average yield of 35. B Imi. of grain and 1 ton of straw per acre. 

 lu a cooperative test of -4 years the average annual yield of ISO successful experi- 

 ments was 21.1 bu. of grain per acre. Ccjwpeas did not generally mature at the 

 college. Neither did lupines, lentils, and horse beans give very satisfactory results. 



Vetches grown for seed produced a little more than 7 bu. per acre from fall seeding. 

 This return is considered profitable, as the seed sells at from $5 to $7 per bushel. 



The average results for (3 j-ears show that the following varieties of field beans have 

 given the highest yields: White Wonder, Day Improved Leafless, INIedium or Navy, 

 Pearce Improved Tree, and Schofield Pea. Based on tlie experiments with soy beans 

 at the college, the Early Yellow is recommended for the imKluction of grain for 

 feed, and the Medium (Ireen for ensiling with corn. 



Of flax, .3 varieties grown in 1900 gave the following results: ^lanitoba 16.8, Com- 

 mon 15.7, and Russian 10.5 l)u. of seed per acre. The average yields for the num- 

 ber of years these varieties have been grown are 18, 11.4, and lO.S l)u. per acre, 

 respectively. 



This season 12-4 varieties of potatoes were under test. The following varieties lead 

 in yield: Empire State, Molly Stark, White Elephant, Conroy, Rural New Yorker 

 No 2, The Daisy, Rose New Invincible, Uncle Sam, Salzer Earliest, New Queen, and 

 Carman No. 1. Of 21 varieties grown for 9 years the following lead in average pro- 

 duction: Empire State 244, Convoy 242, Rose New Invincible 241, Rural New Y'orker 

 No. 2 234, and American AVonder and White Elephant each 232 bu. per acre. I'^mpire 

 State was found to be one of the best varieties for table use. An experiment to show 

 the varieties producing the largest average yields 9, 12, and 15 weeks after planting is 

 reported. In selecting seed potatoes it has been found that large potatoes or large 

 pieces of potatoes produce greater yields than either small potatoes or small pieces. 

 The results of planting 1, 2, and 4 pieces per hill, using equal weight of seed are in 

 favor of planting 1 piece, both in total yield and in percentage of marketable potatoes. 

 Coating potato sets by sprinkling them with lime and i^laster increased the yield at 

 the college and in cooperative experiments throughout Ontario. It is shown by 

 tests that it is best to i^lant potato sets immediately after they are cut. A fertilizer 

 experiment with potatoes conducted in duplicate gave the following average results: 

 No manure 105 bu., 5 tons barnyard manure per acre 144 bu., 1 ton of poultry 

 manure per acre 125 bu., and 2 tons of poultry manure per acre 158 bu. The use of 

 a corrosive sublimate solution was effectual in reducing the amount of scab in 

 potatoes grown from scabby potatoes. Different methods of coml^ating the potato 

 beetle are reported. 



The yields of varieties of sugar beets grown for fee<l are tabulated. The average 

 yields for 9 years were as follows: Red Top 19.7, White Silesian 19.3, Lane Improved 

 19.3, Champion 18.6, White French 17.5, Red Skinned 16.4, Kleinwanzlebener 16.3, 

 and Improved Imperial 14.3 tons per acre. The results of distance experiments in 

 this connection show that as the distance between the rows increased the average 

 size of the roots increased and the yield decreased. Extensive experilnents made in 

 past years have shown that the following are among the leading varieties of root 

 crops for field culture: Swedish turnips — Sutton ]\Iagnum Bonum, Improved Purple 

 Top Yellow, Buckljee Giant, Hartley Bronze Top, and Kangaroo; fall turnips — Red 

 Top, White Globe, Cow Horn, and Jersey Na vet; mangels — Yellow Leviathan, Sutton 

 Mammoth Long Red, Evans Improved Mammoth Sawlog, and Steele Long Red 

 Selected; carrots — ■Mastodon White Intermediate, Mammoth Intermediate, Smooth 

 White, and Pearce Improved Half Long White; parsnips — New Ideal, Hollow Crown, 

 and Improved Half Long. 



For a series of years large seed of root crops has given better yields than medium 

 and small-sized seed. Whole seed of mangels and sugar beets produced a greater 



