ENTOMOLOGY. 57 



nionguo«e. In order to cdiiti'il tin- insect it is recommen<le(l that sugar cane should 

 not be planted on fields which have previously borne sweet potatoes, peanuts, or 

 guinea corn, all of which serve as host plants for the borer. The use of lime on 

 the land is lu'lieved to have a beneficial effect. 



The yellow-winged locust (Camnula pellucida), V. !*>. Simpson {U. S. Dept. 

 Atjr., Division of E)itomoJogy Circ. S3, pp. ,7, Jig. l). — This locust is said to have 

 occurred in large iiunibers in Idaho and Utah during the last few years. Notes are 

 given on its habits and life history. For controlling the insect the author recom- 

 mends jilowing the fields, spraying with oil, the use of hopperdozers, and arsenical 

 baits. 



The codling moth, E. I). Sandeksox {Ddairarc, Sta. Bui. 59, pp. .i2, pi. 1, fig. 4)- — 

 The codling moth i3 described in its various stages and notes are given on its life his- 

 tory. In Delaware there aj)pears to be only a partial second brood and the insect 

 winters almost without exception as a caterpillar. Brief notes are presented on its 

 natural enemies and on the results of insecticide experiments. As a result of 1 land- 

 ing apple trees; from 4 to 15 per cent of the larvte were caught. The use of trap lan- 

 terns was found tf) be of little value. Insecticide exjieriments were largely confined 

 to spraying with arsenite of lime, Paris green, and Disparene, at the rate of 1 pt. per 

 l)arrel, 1 11 >. per 150 gal., and 3 1V)S. per 150 gal., respectively. Arsenite of lime 

 sprayed twice gave 20 per cent of benefit; Paris green sprayed twice, 61 per cent; 

 Disparene with 1 application, 60 per cent, and with 2 applications, 87 per cent. 

 Similar results were obtained in other series of experiments. The addition of 20 per 

 cent of kerosene or crude oil appeared to have no bad effect upon the trees, but 

 seemed to increase the number of wormy fruits. The addition of permanganate of 

 potash, resin soap, molasses or glucose had no ])eneficial effect in increasing adhesion. 

 Three applications of the insecticides appeared to be no better than 2. It was also 

 found that the use of more than 1 lb. of Paris green to 200 gal. of water was no more 

 effective than smaller quantities. Green arsenoid appeared to be equally effective 

 with Paris green. 



The codling moth, J. jNI. Aldkich {Idaho Sia. Bid. 36, pp. 137-155). — Descriptive 

 and liiological notes are given on this insect. There are said to be 4 apple growing 

 regions in Idaho. In southwestern Idaho, the most important api^le shipping sec- 

 tion of the State, great damage is done l)y codling moth, from 50 to 100 per cent of 

 untreated apples being effected. Southeastern Idaho suffers but little injury from 

 codling moth. In northern Idaho it is not a serious pest. Around Lewiston it once 

 caused great damage, but at present apple trees are being replaced with other fruits 

 which are not attacked by this insect. Observations made on the biology of the 

 codling moth at Lewiston showed that the first worms entered the apples on June 19, 

 the calyces of the apples having been open as late as INIay 10. The first moths appeared 

 July 14 and moths from the larvte of the second brood appeared on September 3 and 

 4. On unsprayed trees 52 per cent and on once-sprayed trees 44 per cent of apples 

 were found t(.) be infested when examined in October. This loss was believed to be 

 almost wholly due to the third brood. In another instance the third brood ajjpeared 

 between September 15 and 21. As a rule, however, there are 2 broods in Idaho. 

 Four series of spraying experiments were made to determine the comparative effect- 

 iveness of Paris green and arsenate of lead, to compare one application of spray at 

 the time the blossoms fall with one made just before the worms enter the apple, and 

 to compare 1 spraying with 2 or more. The results of these experiments show that 

 Paris green is more effective than arsenate of lead and also more resistant to rain. 

 Spraying just after the blossoms fall was more beneficial than applying as the worms 

 were about to enter the apples. Two sprayings were recommended, where the larvse 

 ap]3ear in large numbers. 



The control of the codling moth, C. B. Simpson ( f". *S'. Depl. Agr., Fanners' Bui. 

 171, pp. 24, figs. 4). — Descriptive and economic notes are given on the codling moth. 



