ENTOMOLOGY. 59 



with powdered liellebore or Paris green, using tlie former in the pi'oportion of 1 Ih. 

 to :> gal. of water, and the latter at the rate of 1 1))., together with 3 lbs. fresh lime, 

 in ITiO gal. of water. The.se remedies, however, must not be applied after the berries 

 l)egin to ripen. White hellebore is considered the best and safest remedy. 



The ooinmon strawberry-leaf roller (PJwxopteris cmnptuna) produces .'5 l>roods 

 annually and the insect is found in one or more stages throughout the summer. No 

 practical remedy was found for the first brood, but the second and third broods may 

 l)e destroyed by mowing the strawberry plants inniiediately after harvesting and 

 l)urning them as soon as dry. 



The org-anization of a campaign against the enemies of grapes, I. Paciioski 

 [Zap. Imp. Ohshch. SeM. Khuz. Yuzli. Ross., 72 {1902), No. 11-12, pjp. 34-41) .—On 

 account of the serious injuries to grapes froni the attacks of insects in the region of 

 Odessa, the author recommends that the government be requested to establish 2 

 experiment stations for the protection of cultivated plants. It is also recommended 

 that the regular agricultural societies be urged to distribute instruments and insecti- 

 cides such as would be required for carrying out the instructions of experts. 



A disease of grapevines caused by Dactylopius vitis and Bornetina 

 corium, L. Mangin and P. Viala {Compt. Mend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 136 {1903), No. G, 

 pp. 397-399). — It was found that Dacti/lopius vitis causes considerable injury to grape- 

 vine roots in Palestine where this disease was investigated. The scale insects punc- 

 ture the roots and cause an escape of sap, which is used by the fungus for its own 

 growth. The fungus mycelium finally covers the scale insects so that they are pro- 

 tected against insecticides and other unfavorable conditions. The authors consider 

 this to be a case of symbiosis. Experiments with remedies indicate that tlie scale 

 insects are easily killed by injecting bisulphid of carbon into the soil before the 

 fungus mycelium becomes too thick. 



The white fly of greenhouses, C. j\I. Weed and A. F. Conradi {Nnv Htunpshire 

 Sta. liiil. 100, pp. 4■j-•'-^ ./'.'/. 1). — Various greenhouse crops in New Hampshire are 

 said to be commonly attacked by the v;hite fly. According to the observations of 

 the authors the eggs hatch within 13 days. No evidence was obtained to show that 

 the insect can pass the winter out of doors. Brief notes are given on the injuries 

 produced by this insect upon plants. Experiments were made with Kero water 

 sprays, and with hydrocyanic-acid gas. The adult white flies were readily killed by 

 s{)raying with a mechanical mixture of kerosene and water containing 5 per cent 

 kerosene. The most successful and most satisfactory remedy, however, was fumiga- 

 tion ^vith hydrocyanic-acid gas. A portion of a greenhouse containing 2,833 cu. ft. 

 of space was treated by mixing 12 oz. of strong sulphuric acid, 12 oz. of potassium 

 cyanid, and 1 gal. of water. The house was kept closed for 15 minutes. This and 

 similar experiments were repeated, with the result that all adult flies ajipeared to 

 be killed and none of the plants were injured. Directions are given for estimating 

 the cu. ft. of space in greenhouses and for producing the gas. 



Pests of cofieo and means of combating them, J. Rossionon ( Cafetal, 1 {1903), 

 No. 1, pp. 9, 10). — The author discusses briefly the habits and life history of Dady- 

 lopius destructor, Melolordha ndgaris, Lecanium cqtfeic, and Ilemileia v((stutrix. For- 

 nndas are presented for insecticides and fungicides which have been found effective 

 in destroying these pests. 



Animal pests of the rose, and means of controlling them, F. R. vox Binnen- 

 tiiai, {Die Rosnm-Jiiidrniijr aiix dciii Tierrcichc, dcrrn. irirksamc Alurehr und Bekiimpftmg. 

 Stiittgart: Engen. Vlmer, 1903, pp. X^392, figx. SO).' — This volume constitutes a hand- 

 book of information regarding insect pests of rosebushes, and various natural and 

 artificial remedies for the control of these pests. The author presents an account of 

 the typical forms of injuries to plants by insects, and also of the biology and life 

 history of insects. One chapter is devoted to a discussion of remedies for the con- 

 trol of insects. These in<'Iude tlic ultilizati'iii of natural enemies of insects and the 



