DAIRY BARMING DAIRYING. 73 



lbs. of hay wa.s actually consumed in contrat^t to 890.4 Ihy. of bran. The average 

 waste in feeding vetch hay was 6 per cent, which was not included in calculating 

 the results. At local prices for feeding stuffs, including wheat bran at $20 per ton 

 and vetch hay at $10 per ton, the daily cost of the vetch ration per cow was 10.3 cts. 

 and the bran ration 14 cts., making a difference of $1.11 per month in favor of the 

 vetch ration. On the vetch ration the average yield y.er cow per day was Ki lbs. of 

 milk and 1.03 ll)s. of butter, and on the bran ration 15.8 lbs. of milk and 1.05 lbs. of 

 l)Utter, showing that the 2 rations were practically of equal value a^ regards milk 

 and butter production. The estimated saving in cost of producing 1 11). of butter on 

 the vetch ration as compared with the bran ration was 3.4 cts., or 25 percent. 



In the second experiment, conducted on the same plan as the first, cowpea hay 

 was substituted for wheat bran. As 16 per cent of the cowpea hay was rejected a 

 greater ^.mount was fed than that of bran. In 30 days 6 cows were fed 1,411 lbs. of 

 cowpea hay, of which the quantity actually eaten was 1,176 lbs. Under the same 

 conditions the ]:)ran eaten amounted to 1,097 lbs. On the cowpea ration the average 

 daily yield per cow was 17.3 n)s. of milk and 1.13 lbs. of butter and on tlie bran 

 ration 16 lbs. of milk and 1.02 lljs. of butter. With bran at $20 jier ton and cowpea 

 hay at $10 and including the waste in feeding cowpea hay the average cost of food 

 for 1 lb. of butter was 12.3 cts. on the cowpea ration and 15.9 cts. on the bran ration, 

 showing a difference of 23 per cent in cost. While the cowpea hay consumed was 7 

 per cent greater than that of bran, the yield of butter was increased 11 per cent. 

 The waste in feeding cowpea hay was not decreased by running the hay through a 

 feed cutter. 



The 2 experiments showed that in rations containing 6 to 10 lbs. of concentrated 

 feeds, vetch hay or cowpea was substituted for a part of the wheat bran with satis- 

 factorj' results. The extent to which this substitution of leguminous hay may be 

 carried is to be studied in future tests. 



Two additional tests conducted for short periods are also reported. In one 6.8 lbs. 

 of corn hearts, a by-product obtained in the manufacture of grits or hominy, was sub- 

 stituted for 7 lbs. of wheat bran, the results showing a difference of 7 per cent in 

 milk production and 8 per cent in butter in favor of corn hearts. Soy bean hay was 

 compared with cowpea, the waste in this test being, respectively, 32 and 22 per cent. 

 On the basis of equal quantities actually consumed, soy beans produced 3.5 per cent 

 more milk and 4.5 per cent more butter than cowpeas, the difference being fully 

 counterljalanced, however, by the greater waste. 



The digestible nutrients in the different rations fed in the experiments are given 

 in tabular form. 



From determinations made at different periods it was found that manure, including 

 bedding, was produced by cows at the rate of 1,749 lbs. per month. Under condi- 

 tions of continuous stabling 56.8 lbs., exclusive of bedding, was produced daily per 

 cow. Practically one-half the manure was produced during a stabling period of 16 

 hours as (-ompared with 8 hours out of doors. 



Yield and fat content of milk from co-ws fed on mangels, J. Fercival kt al. 

 ( Unlr. Cul. Rendhtij Aijr. Dejtt., Ann. Jipf. Field Trials and E.rpls. 1902, pp. 39, dgms. 8).— 

 An experiment was planned to compare the influence of 4 varieties of mangel-wurzels 

 on the yield and (juality of milk. The results were inconclusive so far as this object 

 was concerned. They are, however, of interest in showing the yield and fat content 

 of milk M'ith intervals between milkings of 15 and 9 hours, respectively. Detailed 

 data for 6 weeks are given for 8 cows milked at 6.30 a. m. and 3.30 p. m. 



The percentage of fat in the milk was lowest in the morning or after the long 

 interval. The milk of indivi<lual cows was below the legal standard of 3 per cent of 

 fat on from 1 to 41 mornings out of 42, the average being about 26. On only 4 morn- 

 ings did the mixed milk of the 8 cows contain 3 per cent or more of fat. The abso- 

 lute yield of butter fat of 7 of the 8 cows, however, was greatest in the morning. 



