VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 88 



estate near Bautzen 114 cases oi tuberculosis occurred among cattle ihiring the years 

 1842-1901. The relationship of heredity to the development of these cases was 

 studied from the records kept concerning the herd. Among these various cases it 

 was found that not a single one occurred which had not been subjected to one or 

 another of the most important predisposing causes of tuberculosis. 



In order to prevent tlie development of tuberculosis among herds of cattle the 

 author considers it of chief importance to avoid the presence of these predisposing 

 causes. The 4 chief causes of this sort as outlined by him are the use of the last 

 of a large number of offsj)ring by common parents, lack of ventilation, in-and-in 

 breeding, and tuljerculous i:)arentage. 



Tuberculosis in horses, H. Makkus [Ztschr. Tlilermed., 6 (WOJ), No. .'>-i:, pp. 

 369-387). — The author made a detailed studj^ of this disease in 15 horses. It was 

 found that the disease assumes a number of forms in the lungs of horses and that a 

 distinction could readily be made between primary and secondary forms, or, in other 

 words, between aspiratory and embolic tuberculosis. The author believes that the 

 mode of infection is tlie only basis iipon which the different forms of pulmonary 

 tuberculosis can be classilied. 



Tuberculosis in cold-blooded vertebrates, L. Tekre {Essai sur la tuberculose 

 dcs iriirhn's a sangfroid. Dijo)i: Barhier-MariUer, 190^2, pp. 128). — The literature 

 relating to tuberculosis in cold-blooded vertebrates is critically reviewed in connec- 

 tion with a bibliography of 168 titles. A bacillus was isolated from dermal tubercles 

 in carp and this organism was studied with special regard to its relationship to the 

 bacillus of Koch. The organism is called by the author the bacillus of carp. The 

 diseases produced in carp l)y this organism resemble in all particulars the tjqjical 

 tuljercular lesions caused by the bacillus of Koch in warm-blooded animals. The 

 organism itself appeared to be identical with the bacillus of Koch in all of its mor- 

 phological characters. When inoculated into fish, amphibia, or reptiles, the bacillus 

 of carj) causeil typical tubercles which showed necrosis and caseati(jn. 



Experiments with tubercle bacilli from mammals and birds indicate that these 

 organisms could be gradually transformed into the bacilli of carp by passing through 

 cold-blooded vertebrates. This transformation constitutes, in the opinion of the 

 author, a new argument in favor of the identity of the various forms of tuberculosis. 

 When injected in moderate doses the bacillus of carp is not pathogenic for warm- 

 ])looded animals, but produces lesions of a regressive character. The soluble prod- 

 ucts and extracts from the bacillus of carp possess similar properties to those of the 

 bacillus of Koch. The organism as obtained from fish was found to be susceptible 

 to agglutination by the serum of tuberculous warm-blooded animals. It is Itelieved 

 by the author that the organism studied by him is identical with that found by 

 Moeller in the blindworm. 



Tuberculous ulcerations on tbe face of cats, G. Petit {llec. Mid. ]Yt., 8. scr., 

 9 [1902), No. 22, pp. 651, 6,52, fig. 1) . — Notes on the symptoms and pathological anat- 

 omy of a tuberculous affection of the skin on the face of ca^s. The retropharyngeal 

 and other lymphatic glands of the head were swollen and infected. 



A new method for intensive staining of the tubercle bacillus, Biot {Ann. 

 Acad. Macon, 3. ttcr., 6 {1901), }>}>. 85-91). — In ol)taining an intense coloration of 

 tu})ercle bacilli the author found it desirable to use a mordant in connection with 

 the staining method of Ehrlich or that of Ziehl. The preparations are immersed in 

 a solution of formalin; they are then placed in a fuchsin bath slightly carbolized, to 

 which a few drops of formalin have been added. 



Actinomycosis of the tongue of cattle, together with alterations in the 

 lymphatic glands of the head and lungs, 11. Hoiimann {Ztsclir. Flekch u. 

 Milchhi/g., 13 [1902), No. 1, pp. 14, 15, fig. 1). — Notes on the pathological anatomy of 

 cases of wooden tongue, and on the condition of the lymphatic glands in such cases. 



Staining actinomyces in sections, 8. Ciechanowski [Ccnthl. Bakt. ti. J'ar., 1. 

 Abl., 33 {1903), No. 3, Or'uj., pji. 238,239). — Great difficulties have been experienced 



