134 p:xperiment station record. 



Culture work at the substations, 1899-1901, ('. 11. Shinn (Ca/iforuin Sla. Jliil. 

 147, j>j). ..'0-J7, .j(;-41, iVi-*:!, S.i-SS, fnix. '>). — This is a jj;('neral sunimary of tlu- liclii 

 work of the California substations from 1S90 io liiOl, inclusive. (For the work in 

 horticulture see p. 148.) The ex]»('rinients with held crops consisted mainly of culture 

 tests of a large number of different plants, including plants and seeds sent out by 

 this Department for trial. 



The FoolJi ill SuhHtation {at /acAso// ) ( p]). 20-27). — A large range of cultures has been 

 under test since 1899 and the more striking results are here noted. Australian .salt- 

 bu.«li did not show any di'cided advantage over other forage crops, but is considered 

 worth growing on a small scale. Hairy vetch seemed better adapted to the region 

 than the saltbush. Alrlplex Irptoatrpd did not naturalize at all, while Rhagodia 

 spliicsreii--< iiimiiis furnished much fodder, but its adaj)tability has not yet been 

 determined. 



Bi-oinns imTiiiis has been thoroughly tested and is recommended for extensive cul- 

 ture. The gi-ass was improved and its season lengthened Ijy light irrigation. Ever- 

 green and j)erennial rye grasses from England proved of great value when irrigated. 

 Selected Perennial is regarded as one of the be.st. Sutton perennial red clover made 

 a growth of 14 in. from 3Iarch 1 to June 1, 1900. Common white clover, alsike 

 clover, Egyptian clover ( rc/fo,'/;/;;; alexandrhnnn), and snail clover (7'. iurldnatuni) 

 gave good results when irrigated. 



Tests with root crops were carried on with and without irrigation on granite and 

 slate soils. With irrigation Ijeets, mangels, parsnips, and carrots gave large yields. 

 Champion Yellow Globe mangel yielded 72.5 tons per acre, and of the 20 varieties 

 grown none yielded less than 30 tons. 



Notes on the growth at the station ot Jersey kale, tagasaste. New Siberian golden 

 millet, buckwheats, flax, and lupines are given. California, Royal, "White Flower- 

 ing, Belgian Improved, Russian Pskoff, Pure Riga, White Dutch, and Yellow Seeded 

 flax produced excellent fiber and plump, !)right seeds. The flax plants ranged in 

 height from about 2.5 to 42 in. Among the varieties of lupines the Large European 

 White proved most satisfactory. Luplnioi tricolor and L. angusfifulius were failures. 

 The yields of the best vetches sent out by this Department are given in the following 

 table: 



Yields of vetches in 1900. 



Lentils when early sown are considered well adapted to the red soils of the region. 

 Turkestan alfalfa seemed hardier and more drought resistant, Vjut did not yield 

 better than the common varieties. Cuzco maize from Brazil and velvet beans did not 

 succeed. Peruvian cotton did not mature, while Georgia upland varieties Uiatured 

 well and made a medium growth without irrigation on the red soils. The safflower 

 {Carihamrnis tindoriux) was not equal to Russian sunflowers in the yield of seed for 

 oil or chicken feed. March rape proved l)etter than Essex, ami sown on slate soil 

 yielded 47 tons of green forage per acre. Rape had no value for summer pasture in 

 that locality. Notes are also given on tests of horse beans, field j)eas, and artichokes. 

 The hard wheats grown at this substation showed a tendency to increase their starch 

 content. 



