ENTOMOLOGY. 275 



Royal Station of Agricultural Entomology of Florence, G. del (Iuercio 

 {Xiiove lielaz. R. Staz. Ent. Agr., 1 ser., 1903, No. 6, pp. XXXVI+354, pis. 9, figs. 

 S')). — In this number of the report of the Eoyal Entomological Station the author 

 presents a series of articles dealing with various injurious insects. A num))er of 

 these articles may be briefly mentioned in this connection. 



Notes are given on tlie gnats of the olive, with jiarticular reference to CHnodlp/osis 

 oli'Isitga. The anatomy of these insects is described, together with an account of the 

 development of various species. For combating these insects the author recom- 

 mends that the infested bark be scraped off and burned. Some of the more 

 imix)rtant sjiecies of scale insects affecting the olive are discussed, including biolog- 

 ical, descrii^tive, and economic notes on species of Pollinia, Philippia, and Lecanium. 

 The conditions which are favorable or unfavorable to the distribution of these 

 insects are described, together with insecticide experiments from 1896 to 1901. 

 Good results were obtained by the use of a spray containing soap, oil of tar, and 

 water. The cost and effectiveness of the insecticide methods are discussed by 

 C. Campl)ell and G. Patriarca. Notes are given on the Diaspini of the olive, includ- 

 ing a brief discussion of the anatomy and developmental stages of various species 

 of Howardia, Leucaspis, etc. A description is given of peculiar alterations in the 

 l)ranches of pears and of a leaf miner in the branches of olives attacke<l with knot 

 (pp. 116-125). A lepidopterous larva was found in knots caused by Bacillns oleic, 

 and another species of moth was found to cause peculiar wart-like enlargements on 

 the branches of pear trees. A peculiar alteration of the branches of olives due to a 

 species of thrips is noted. 



Experiments were made to determine the action of calcium oxid on the larvte and 

 eggs of the cabbage butterfly. It was found that calcium oxid did not injure the 

 larv;e of cabbage butterfly if they had been previously moistened with water. 

 Small larva? were quickly destroyed as a result of the process of dehydration when 

 subjected to the action of this chemical. Oxid of lime was much less effective upon 

 the eggs than upon the larvpe. 



Notes are presented on a diseased condition of the grapevine and hazelnut and on 

 experiments in combating it. The hazelnut is attacked by nematode worms, species 

 of fungi, and mites. The buds, leaves, and flowers are subject to the attack of 

 lepidoptera and various other insects. In destroying nematodes, mites, and insects 

 upon the roots of the hazelnut, good results were obtained in the use of carbon bisul- 

 phid, alone or combined with a treatment with soluble wood tar. Arsenical poisons 

 are recommended for the destruction of leaf-eating insects upon the hazelnut and 

 grapevine. The anatomical details of the males of Ccroplastes xhiensls are described. 



Experiments were made to determine a method of protecting pear and apple trees 

 against the attacks of apple maggot, scale insects, and lichens. The purpose of these 

 experiments was to And a spray which would prove effective against all these ene- 

 mies at once. The best results were had with the use of a mixture containing heavy 

 oil of tar, soda, and water. 



Brief notes are also given on a gall on rose stems, caused by an undeteruiined 

 lieetle; the protection of idantations of jwplar and willow against the attacks of 

 r'o.s.s?/.s cos.nis, and C. ligniperda; on the common rose aphis SipJionophcra ros;c; the 

 destruction of grasshoppers in Argentina; galls on Solanum sodo)n;vH))i; Th3'sonoptera 

 injurious to grain fields in Italy; black peach aphis and experiments in combating 

 it; various known and new species of plant lice imjiorted into Italy; anatomical notes 

 on Italian species of Phylloxera, and a general account of insects injurious to cereals 

 in growing and stored condition. 



The first annual report of the State nursery inspector, II. T. Feknald 

 {Mas-^achusells State Bd. Agr. Rpt. 1902, j)p. 2S7-39S). — A copy is given of the nur- 

 sery inspection law of Massachusetts, together with a brief report on the work of 

 inspection for the first year. During this period 80 nurseries were insjR'cted, and of 



