300 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



terial organism which causes the disease is located in the uterws as well as in the 

 vagina, and that therefore the ordinary antiseptic washes are insufficient for destroy- 

 ing infection. It is suggested that the expensive method of gradually establishing 

 ininiuiiity in a herd of cattle may in the end be the cheapest method of controlling 

 this disease. 



Studies on natural and artificial immunity to anthrax, O. Bail and A. Pet- 

 TEKSSON {Centbl. Bakt.'u. Par., 1. AbL, 33 {1903), Noa. 5, Orig., pp. 343-353; 8, Orif/., 

 pp. 610-612; 10, Orig., pp. 756-762; 34 (1903), No. 2, Orig., pp. 167-170).— An elabo- 

 rate study was made of the reactions observed in the blood of different animals to 

 infection with anthrax. Special attention was given to the study of the antagonistic 

 action of rabbit and dog serum toward anthrax bacillus. Notes are given on the 

 location of the complement in the body of rabbits. As a result of experiments car- 

 ried on by the authors it was found that the mere power of the serum to undergo an 

 increase in its immunizing properties by the addition of nonnal rabljit serum con- 

 taining some complement has no apparent connection with natural immunity to 

 anthrax on the part of the animal from which the blood was obtained. A test was 

 made to determine whether the serum of various animals could be fortified by the 

 addition of leucocytes and tissue cells from rabbits. In these experiments it was 

 found that the organs of rabbits from which the blood had been removed exercised 

 no influence in an indifferent fluid upon anthrax bacilli. The authors believe, there- 

 fore, that the immune body and the complement do not exist simultaneously in rab- 

 bits, or at least not to a high degree. The property of fortifying the sera of other 

 animals appears to exist chiefly in the blood and to a less degree in the polynuclear 

 leucocytes. A study was also made of the reaction of horse and rat sera to anthrax 

 bacilli, and of the quantity of immune bpdy in the normal sera of different animals. 



Anthrax, A. R. Ward {California Sta. Circ. 4, PP- 3). — Brief notes on the symp- 

 toms and post-mortem appearances of this disease, with an account of vaccination. 



Blackleg, A. R. Ward {California Sta. Circ. 2, pp. 3). — Brief notes on the symp- 

 toms, post-mortem changes, etiology, treatment, and vaccination for this disease. 



The inoculability of human tuberculosis upon bovines, D. J. Hamilton 

 {British Med. Jour., 1903, No. 2228, pp. 565, 566). — This article is of a controversial 

 nature and in it the author presents arguments in support-of the correctness of the 

 results obtained in his previous experiments, during which it was shown that cattle 

 could l)e inoculated with tubercle bacilli of human origin. 



The present warfare against tuberculosis of domesticated animals, 6. 

 Malm {Norsk Vet. Tidsskr., 15 {1903), No. 2, pp. 33-75).— In this article the author 

 presents a summary account of the methods employed in combating bovine tubercu- 

 losis in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, and other parts of Europe, 

 and the United States. The method of immunization recently proposed by Behring 

 is critically discussed. The author concludes from his review of this subject that no 

 system of immunization thus far suggested can be relied upon to give satisfactory 

 results under ordinary conditions. It is recommended, therefore, that the warfare 

 against bovine tuberculosis be continued along present lines, viz, by the extensive 

 use of tuberculin and quarantining infected animals. 



Foot-and-mouth disease, D. E. Salmon ( U. S. Dept. Agr. Yearbook 1902, pp. 

 643-658, fig. 1). — The author presents a historical account of the recent outbreak of 

 this disease in the United States. Notes are given on the distribution of the disease 

 at various times during the outbreak, and on the measures which were adopted for 

 controlling it. The disease was confined to Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Ver- 

 mont, and Rhode Island, and affected 220 herds of cattle containing 4,175 animals. 

 The total compensation paid by the Government as indemnity for slaughtered animals 

 of all kinds was $120,007.47. 



Foot-and-mouth disease, D. Hutcheon (.l^r. Jour. Cape Good Hope, 22 {1903), 

 No. 6, pp. 681-684). — The symptoms, cause, means of distribution, and treatment of 



