VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 305 



Angora has developed "a perceptible retrogradation in vitality and power of resist- 

 ance against diseases." 



An outbreak occurred on premises where goats had been maintained for a number 

 of years, but the greater part of the flock had recently been purchased in Texas. 

 The symptoms of the disease were great emaciation and weakne.ss, combined with 

 diarrhea, pneumonia, and a considerable elevation of temperature. Rumination 

 continued and the appetite persisted fairly good. The disease assumed either a sub- 

 acute or chronic type, and its course varied from 8 days to 6 or 8 weeks. Young 

 goats appeared to be most susceptible. The visible mucous membranes are pale in 

 cases of this disease, and the limgs exhibit an extensive inflammation. The heart is 

 pale and shows inflamed areas. The spleen is somewhat atrophied. 



Cultures made from the heart, lungs, spleen, liver, and mediastinal lymphatic 

 glands showed the presence of a new organism, which is described under the name 

 Micrococcus caprinus. It occurs either singly or in chains of 2, 3, or 4 elements. No- 

 capsules were observed on the organism. This organism develops as an aerobe, but 

 may also occur under anaerobic conditions. The growth of the organism on various 

 culture media is described in detail. It did not produce gas, and the indol test gave 

 negative results. The organism was killed by exposure for 6 minutes at a tempera- 

 ture of 62° C. and desiccation for 12 hours, and subsequent exposure to diffuse light 

 for 9 days, destroyed its virulence. Low temperatures had no effect upon the organ- 

 ism. It was killed, however, by exposure for 26 minutes to a solution of bichlorid 

 of mercury in the proportion of 1 to 2,000, or for 57 minutes to a 1 per cent solution 

 of carbolic acid, or for 31 minutes to a 2 per cent solution of formalin. Inoculation 

 experiments showed that the organism was pathogenic for goats, chickens, rabbits, 

 guinea pigs, and white mice, but not for sheep, dogs, or rats. 



A toxin was obtained from cultures of the pathogenic organism, which was 

 destroyed by subjection to heat, but which, when inoculated without being subjected 

 to heat, produced considerable immunity in the animals thus treated. The number 

 of red blood corpuscles was not diminished during the progi'ess of the disease. 

 Medicinal treatment was as a rule unsatisfactory, but in certain cases encouraging 

 results were obtained from the administration of calomel, followed by powders con- 

 taining arsenic, iron, and quinine. The authors believe that the method of immuni- 

 zation devised by them will give good results on a large scale when further perfected. 



Hog- cholera, A. R. Ward (California Sta. Circ. 3, pp. 6).— A. short account of the 

 symptoms, methods of distribution, treatment, and quarantine regulations for hog 

 cholera. 



Glanders in the camel under conditions of natural and artificial infection, 

 A. P. Petrovski {Arch. Yet. Naid; St. Fetersburg, 33 {1903), Nos. 2, pp. 10.3-150; 3, 

 pp. 274-295; 4, pp. 383-416; 5, pp. 511-539). — The eradication of glanders among 

 camels is an important economic problem in certain parts of the Russian Empire on 

 account of the large numbers of camels which are raised and the considerable per- 

 centage of infection with glanders. The author made an extended investigation of 

 the conditions under which natural infection takes place in camels, and conducted a 

 number of experiments in artificial infection for the purpose of determining the sus- 

 ceptibility of camels to the disease, and the possibility of protecting them by means 

 of repeated injections of mallein and serum of glanderous horses. The experiments 

 have thus far not led to results which can serve as a practical working basis regard- 

 ing the treatment of glanders. 



Experiments in the treatment of glanders, and immunization of cats and 

 guinea pigs against this disease, M. Lavinovich {Arch. Vet. Nauk, St. Petersburg^ 

 33 {1903), No. 3, pp. 211-226). — The author discusses the subject of the treatment of 

 glanders, in connection with a bibliography of 34 titles. The experiments reported 

 by the author indicate that a considerable degree of immunization may be conferred 

 upon cats and guinea pigs by repeated injections of the serum from glanderous ani- 



