HORTICULTUBE. 363 



account of the aiiatoniical e^tructure of the grape ])erry at different stages of maturity, 

 and is ilhistrated by a hirge inmiber of drawings. Detailed accounts are given of the 

 structure of a large nundjer of Yinifera varieties and of the structure of the skin of a 

 number of American species. Great differences were found in the thickness of the 

 skin of Yinifera and American species. For instance the species Vitis coriacea had a 

 thickness of 9.9 //, T'. berlandieri 8.5, V. aestivalis 8.3, V. cinerea 8, V. rubra 7.8, 

 T'. labrusca 7.6, T'. monticola 6.7, T'^ ripnria 6.5, T". arizonicn 5.7, T. rupesfrif! 4.6, and 

 Vinifnri. 3.8. 



A discussion is given of the relation between the structure of the skin and the 

 resistance to cryptogamic diseases. 



The book of the peach, H. W. Ward {London: The Walter Scott Pub. Co., Ltd., 

 190-3, pp. lis, pi. 1, Jigif. 28). — This is a practical handbook on the cultivation in 

 Great Britain of peaches under glass and out of doors against walls. The work takes 

 up the details of building and managing peach houses, trellising peach trees against 

 walls, pruning and training, packing and marketing, and the control of the injurious 

 insects and diseases affecting peaches. 



Orchard studies. VII, Notes on varieties of Domestica plums, W. B. 

 Alwood and H. L. Price {Virginia Sta. Bui. 134, pp. 40-4(>, figs- 3). — Descriptive 

 notes are given on 13 varieties of plums. The following varieties are recommended: 

 Medium rarbj — Bradshaw and Washington; Mid-season — Yellow Egg; Medium late — 

 Gueii and Naples; Late — Agen, Grand Duke, Shropshire, and Heine Claude. 



Crossbred fruits, W. Saunders, {Connecticut State Bd. Agr. Rpt. 1902, pp. 

 129-133). — An account is given of the improvement of certain fruits by crossbreeding 

 and selection in Canada and elsewhere during recent years. The origin of the Canada 

 and Othello grapes, Ontario apple, and American Wonder pea are noted. The author 

 originated the gooseberries Pearl and Red Jacket, and the grapes Kensington and 

 Emerald. Efforts to cross the blackberry and raspberry have met with but little 

 success. Seed has sometimes been obtained, but it usually failed to germinate, and 

 even when it did germinate the plants were weakly and worthless. A number of 

 apples have l)een secured by crossing with the Siberian ci'ab, Pi/nis baccata, which 

 have been found useful in the colder regions of the Northwest. 



A failure with root-pruned trees {Rural New Yorker, 62 {1903), No. 2799, 

 p. 661 ) . — The writer states that he closely follow^ed the system of close-root pruning 

 in New Jersey in setting out 1,000 peach trees. A drought occurred during the 

 summer and 800 trees died, while the remainder made a very poor growth. 



Questions on grafting-, L. Daniel {Rev. Vit.,20 {1903), No. 510, pp. 355-357). — 

 The author notes an experiment in which Raparia Gloire was grafted with a bud of 

 Siebel 2003, taken from stock which had also been grafted on Riparia the preceding 

 year. The fruit of Siebel 2003 is black, the berries large, and it is a second early 

 sort. As result of this graft a small white grape was obtained whose season of ripen- 

 ing was earlier than that of Madeline, which is considered the earliest grape in that 

 section. 



These results are considered to clearly indicate a reciprocal action between stock 

 and scion and to refute, therefore, the conclusion of L. Ravaz, who read a paper at 

 the recent Agricultural Congress in Rome to the effect that the reciprocal action of 

 grapes between scion and stock is null. 



On the effects of the graft, L. Ravaz {I^rog. Agr. et Vit. {Ed. L'Est), 24 {1903), 

 N'o. 41, pp. 438-442). — A controversial article in which the value of the evidence 

 cited by L. Daniel on the reciprocal action of scion and stock in grape grafting, noted 

 above, is minimized. 



Preservation of fruits by cold storage, L. Loiseau {De la conservation des fruits 

 jKir les prockUs buses sur V euiploi du froid. Paris: Librairie et Imprimerie Ilorticoles, 

 1903, pp. 31, figs. 2). — An account is given of some experiments in preserving peaches 

 and other fruits in a small refrigerating apparatus. The temperature was kept at 



