370 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The uinount of <luinaj;(' caused ])\ this funjius to stored apples is prolialily not very 

 larjie, ])ut specimens of affected fruit haveliceu observed from auumljerol' localities. 

 So far it has been found on Baldwins and Rhode Island ( ireenings only. Inoculation 

 experiments have shown, however, that the organism would grow ec^ually as well on 

 other varieties as upon these two. The results of the inttculation experiments show 

 that the fungus is a wound parasite, as the mycelium was unable to penetrate the 

 unbroken epidermis of the fruit. The cracked epidermis, due to the apple scab, ren- 

 dered the conditions advantageous for an attack of this fungus; and this new disease 

 emphasizes the importance of protecting apples from scab by thorough and persistent 

 spraying with Bordeaux mixture. Finding decayed apples in several cold storage 

 houses indicated that low temperature alone can not Ije relied upon to hold this 

 trouble in check, although it probably does retard its development to some extent. 



The core decay of Baldwin apples described shows no outward manifestation, but 

 upon being cut in two a part of the tissue surrounding the core was found to l)e de- 

 cayed. This decayed tissue was brown, dry, and tasteless, and was entirely sur- 

 rounded by healthy tissue of normal quality. Examination failed to show the 

 presence of any fungus or other organism as the cause of the trouble. Other condi- 

 tions, such as immaturity, effect of different fertilizers, different soils, overbearing, 

 etc., have been examined, but so far the disease can not be attributed to any definite 

 cause. 



Two new apple rots, F. H. Hall and H. J. Eustace {New York State Sta. Bui. 235, 

 2)ojmlar ed., pp. 4). — A popular edition of the above-noted bulletin. 



Spraying the plum orchard, W. B. Alwood and II. L. Price ( Virgima Sta. Bnl. 

 1,34, pp. 31-40, figs. 5). — The plum trees at the station are said to be subject to attacks 

 of leaf diseases caused by Cylindrosporium i)adl and the brown rot {Sclerotlnia frncli- 

 grena), and experiments have been conducted for the prevention of these diseases. 

 The details of the experiments are given. The treatment consisted ordinarily of a 

 winter treatment of copper-sulphate solution followed by applications of a 4-5-50 

 solution of Bordeaux mixture. If thoroughly applied these methods are efficient in 

 checking the disease. 



For the control of the brown rot it is necessary to begin spraying quite early in the 

 season, and for the leaf diseases late applications should be given if a healthy condi- 

 tion of the tree is to be maintained to the end of the growing period. For the pre- 

 vention of the rot it is also desirable to collect and destroy all of the diseased fruit. 



On the occurrence and treatment of fire blight in the pear orchard, W. B. 

 Alwood ( Virginia Sta. Bui. 135, pp. 51-66, figs. 5). — A report is given on investigations 

 for the prevention of fire l)light, due to Micrococcus amylovorus, in which spraying, 

 pruning, fertilizing, etc., were tried. So far it has been found impossible to hold 

 the disease in check by the cutting out of diseased tissues and spraying the plants, 

 although it is still thought that this preliminary treatment should not be neglected. 

 There seems to be some evidence that fertilizers will enable the trees to resist disease 

 to a marked degree, but these tests must be continued before a definite opinion can 

 be formed regarding their value. Different varieties seem to be affected unequally, 

 and the author gives a list of varieties which in his experience are less subject to the 

 disease than others. 



A remedy for cranberry scald, C. L. Shear {Anwr. Agr., 72 {1903), No. 16, p. 

 809). — According to the author's investigations, which have been carried on for the 

 past 2 years, the cranberry scald infection takes place through the aerial portions 

 of the plant, rather than by way of the roots, as has been formerly supposed. After 

 having established this fact, the author experimented with fungicides for the control 

 of the disease, testing potassium sulphid, ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate, 

 and Bordeaux mixture. 



The results obtained seem to indicate that a thorough application of properly pre- 

 pared Bordeaux mixture will prove a practical remedy for the cranberry scald, and 



