884 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The structure and biology of Anopheles, (i. II. F. Nuttall ami A. E. Siiir- 

 Li;v {Jour. II'KJ. lCaiiiljrl(l;/t''\,o {WO.l), Xo. ..\ pp. 1G6-:^15, pis. 4)-—'^oteii am '/wen 

 on the gross and microscopic, anatomy of the digestive organs of Anopheles and 

 experiments were made in testing the action of the salivary secretion of Cule.v 

 /li/iii'n!^. A bibliography relating to mosquitoes is appended to the artir](>. 



Mosquitoes and malaria, W. E. Britton { Conned IciU Slate Bd. Aijr. lipl. 1'j02, 

 pp. 245-252). — Brief notes on the habits and life history of mosquitoes with special 

 reference to their agency in spreading malaria and means of comliating them. 



Mosquitoes and suggestions for their extermination, W. L. Undekwood 

 {Pop. Sri. Mo., 6.1 {IMS), Xo. ■',, j'p. 45o-4'''', Ji'J--'- T'>). — The author presents a popu- 

 lar account of the chief features in the life history of mosquitoes of various genera, 

 including Culex, Anopheles, Eucorethra, etc. E. underwoodl is described in its vari- 

 ous stages and notes are given on its larval habits and life history. As a larva it 

 feeds upon the larvee of other mosquitoes and it is believed to be an important natural 

 help in checking the multiplication of these pests. 



Cheese mites, H. Tryon {Queensland Arjr. Jour., 13 {1903), No. 1, pp. 56-58, 

 figs. 3). — Notes are given on the possible connection between this mite and a skin dis- 

 ease common with persons who handle cheese. The mite is described in its various 

 stages and notes are given on means of combating it. The fumes of sulphur, bisul- 

 phid of carbon, and hydrocyanic-acid gas are all effective in destroying this species. 

 Care must be exercised, however, in the use of bisulphid of carbon since otherwise 

 the cheese may become tainted by absorbing this chemical. 



Fumigation dosage, C. W. Woodworth ( California Sta. Bui. 152, pp). 17, Jigs. G) . — 

 The purpose of the studies reported in this bulletin was to determine the reliability 

 of estimates of space in tents as made by the practical fumigators of the State. Dur- 

 ing this investigation 2,314 trees were measured, representing the estimates of 30 fumi- 

 gators. The results of this study indicate that "the judgment of all fumigators is 

 thoroughly unreliable." The estimates vary greatly in one direction or the other, 

 the fairly good result obtained by different fumigators showing conclusi\'ely that the 

 process of fumigation allows a wide margin of variation in the quantity of gas 

 employed. 



The author recommends a simjjle apparatus for measuring the volume of tents 

 before the chemicals are placed in operation. It was found that the leakage of gas 

 was greatest during moist days or when the tent was wet, and that this leakage was 

 of such importance that allowance should be made for it in estimating the quantity 

 of chemicals. 



Arsenical insecticides, G. E. Colby {California Sta. Bui. 151, p>p. 38, figs. 10). — 

 The author estimates that about 25 tons of Paris green are used annually in combat- 

 ing insects on the Pacific Coast. Tables are given showing analyses of Paris green 

 made before and after the passage of the California law governing the sale of this 

 chemical. Of the samples examined before the passage of the law only 20 per cent 

 was satisfactory in composition; while in the second group 46 were satisfactory and 

 45 objectionable. In the examination of Paris green it is stated that any great varia- 

 tion in color, especially a pale shade, is an indication of adulteration, and the same 

 may be said for any tendency to caking. The method of microscopical examination 

 is briefly described. The amount of soluble arsenious oxid found in 50 samples of 

 satisfactory Paris green varied from 1.69 to 4.09 per cent, while in 54 samples of 

 objectionable Paris green this ingredient ranged from 4.7 to 29.4 per cent. Detailed 

 notes are given on the method of determining soluble arsenious oxid and copper 

 oxid in Paris green. 



Analyses were made of a large number of arsenicals which have been proposed as 

 substitutes for Paris green. Paragrene was found to contain nearly \ of its weight 

 of soluble ar.senious oxid; Laurel green is not I'ecommended for spraying under any 

 conditions, since the material was found to consist chiefly of gypsum and green sand; 



