ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 398 



(cotton seed and rotton-seed meal) to r>7.() i)er cent with lot 2 (wheat meal and cotton- 

 seed meal). 



There was consideral)le difference in the lots and none of them was regarded as 

 fully finished, although lots 2 and 3 were considered fairly well fattened. Feeding 

 cotton seed often has an unfavorable effect on the appearance of the flesh, producing 

 a dirty yellow fat, but nothing objectionable was noted as regards the color of the 

 dressed carcass of any of the lots. Throughout the test no serious illness was noted. 



Two pigs followed each lot of steers and were fed some wheat meal in addition. 

 The daily gain per pig averaged from 0.71 lb. in the case of those following lot 2 (wheat 

 meal and cotton-seed meal) to 0.95 lb. in the case of those following lot5 (cottonseed, 

 wheat straw, and prairie hay), and the grain eaten per pound of gain ranged from 

 3.10 lbs. with the latter lot to 4.13 lbs. with the former. The gains were regarded as 

 very good and as adding much to the net profits. ' ' The fact should be noted that all 

 the pigs lived, and part of them were behind steers that were fed cotton-seed meal 

 as grain." 



On the basis of the test, "it is suggested where cotton seed is to be used in the 

 ration of cattle that not more than 8 lbs. of it be fed per day as a maximum amount, 

 and genei-ally 4 to 6 lbs. will prove more satisfactory. In order to use it in the ration 

 of the fattening steer it must be fed with other highly nutritious feeds, and jirefer- 

 ably those belonging to the nitrogenous group, as alfalfa or cowpeas. . . . 



"While many steers are fattened in the South on cotton-seed meal and cotton-seed 

 hulls, there is no doubt but what, as a rule, much better gains would be procured and 

 at a less cost if some grain as corn, wheat, or Kafir corn were mixed with the cotton- 

 seed meal and hulls, and it is a question if a little of some other roughage besides 

 the hulls should not be used for the best and mt)st economical results." 



It is stated that cotton seed and cotton-seed meal are regular constituents of the 

 grain ration of the college and station herd, the rations being so planned that a mature 

 cow will receive not over 2 or 3 lbs. of cotton-seed meal or 3 or 4 lbs. of cotton seed 

 per daj', corn or Kafir corn being always mixed with these feeds. 



Chemical study vf the experiment, J. Fields (pp. 39-41, 46). — Analyses are reported 

 of the feeding stuffs used in the above tests. 



Experiments on the utilization of skim milk for feeding- calves, C. Besana 

 {Ann. R. Staz. Sper. Caseif. Lodi, 1902, jjp. 17-67, figs. i2) .■ — The value of skim milk as 

 a feed for calves is discussed, as well as methods of feeding it, and related topics, and 

 a number of experiments are reported in which this material alone or supplemented 

 by starch, oleomargarine, or bone meal was fed to calves. 



In the first test, 4 calves gained from 0.475 to 1 kg. per day on skim milk and 

 starch, consuming from 6.77 to 22.36 liters of milk per kilogram of gain. In a sec- 

 ond test the average daily gain of 2 calves on skim milk and starch was 0.955 kg. per 

 head and the average consumption of skim milk per kilogram of gain was 12.42 liters, 

 as compared with 0.850 kg. and 12.49 liters on skim milk and oleomargarine. When 

 ground bone and oleomargarine were compared, each being fed to 2 calves, it was 

 found that the average daily gain on the ground bone fed with skim milk was 0.709 

 kg. per head per day, and on the oleomargarine 0.916 kg., 15.59 liters of skim milk 

 ])eing required per kilogram of gain on the ground-bone ration and 11.82 liters on 

 the oleomargarine ration. 



In a 5 weeks' test it was found that 3 calves gained on an average 1.037 kg. per 

 head per day on skim milk and oleomargarine, consuming 12.11 liters of milk per 

 kilogram of gain. 



Horse raising, C. Bauverd {Jour. Soc. Agr. Suisse Romande, 43 {1902), No. 12 

 p)). 276-282; 44 {1903), No. 1, pp. 4-11)- — Horse breeding is discussed with special 

 reference to local possibilities and requirements. 



The improvement of horse breeding- in Jamaica {Bui. Dept. Agr. Jamaica, 1 

 {1003), No. 9-10, pp. 193-240). — Oi)inions regarding horse and nmie breeding in 

 Jamaica were gathered from a number of sources and summarized. 



