488 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



far as liis exporiinents fjo could liiid no evidence of such variation, and believes 

 the resistance of certain varieties to disease is not as coinnion as j>reviously clainted. 

 Infection takes place, so far as P. cliri/simihoiii is c<jncerned, almost entirely through 

 the tn'edospores. The paper concludes with an account of the morphological and 

 physiological characters of the different species and varieties of chrysanthemum 

 rusts. 



Remarks on the biology of clirysantherauin rusts, V. Magnts ( Centld. Bakt. 

 u. Par., 2. Alt., 10 {lyo.i), Xo. IS-Ut, pp. .■;7.>-.T77 ).— Attention is called to the investi- 

 gations of Jacky, in whi{;h the possible identity of species of chrysanthenuim rust is 

 suggested and tlie fact pointed out that the Puccinia produces teleutospores in Japan 

 but only uredospores in Europe. Other examples are cited of somewhat similar 

 phenomena among related fungi. 



The cause and. prevention of a tulip disease, J. Ritze.ma Bos ( Centbl. Bald. u. 

 Pur., 2. Aht., 10 {1903), Nos. 1, pp. 18-26; 3, pp. 84-94).— k. description is given of a 

 disease of tulips and some other bulbous plants, which is due to attacks of Botrytis 

 parasitica. This article is essentially the same as one by the author noted from 

 another source (E. S. R., 15, p. 273). 



Standard fungicides {Gard. C'hron., 3. ser., 34 {1903), Xo. 864, pp. 40, 41). — A 

 detailed note desci'iljing the use of fungicides, and giving quotations from a number 

 of pul )lications relative to the preparation and use of Bordeaux mixture, ammoniacal- 

 copper carbonate, etc. 



On the adherence of copper fungicides, M. Eremont {Prog. Agr. et Vit. {Ed. 

 IJE.^t), 24 {1903), Xo. 38, jjp. 351-353) . — The results of a study of a number of fungi- 

 cides to test their adhesiveness are given. 



The author tested 4 fungicides, each of which contained copper sulphate and car- 

 bonate of soda in about the same proportion, to which was added soap, permanganate 

 of potash, and a commercial product known as alkaline polysulphate. These differ- 

 ent fungicides were prepared and carefully sprayed in order to distinguish the rapid- 

 it}' of their drying, as well as the duration of their adhesiveness when exposed to 

 ordinary weather conditions. 



All of the fungicides adhered very well to the foliage. The mixture containing 

 the polysulphate dried most rapidlj^ being thoroughly adhesive in 10 to 15 minutes. 

 Next in adhesiveness was the mixture containing soap solution, followed by that 

 containing the potassium permanganate. The simple solution of sulphate of copper, 

 carbonate of soda, and water required the longest time to dry and was less adherent 

 than the other forms. 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



Observations made by the entomological service of the agricultural insti- 

 tute in 1902, PosKix {Bui. Agr. \_Brus.'<dy], 19 {1903), Xo. 2, jip. 181-199).— Bibio 

 hortuhma.'t is reported as injurious to various garden crops. In combating this insect 

 it is recommended that the base of the plants and the adjoining soil be sprayed with 

 tobacco decoction. Pears are said to suffer considerable injury from the attacks of 

 Cecidomyia nigra. This insect may be controlled to some extent by the collection 

 and destruction of infested pears. 



Extensive injuries are rejaorted from the attacks of the codling moth, and a num- 

 ber of experiments are reported in the control of this insect. It is recommended 

 that infested apples be destroyed and that the insects be destroyed in their hiding 

 places by spraying with tobacco decoction, or some other contact insecticide. The 

 larvic may be controlled ])y spraying with a Paris green solution to which small 

 quantities of lime are added. Notes are also given on the injuries caused by field 

 mice and on inuculation and other methods for combating this pest. 



The leaf hopper of the sugar cane, R. C. L. Perkixs {Havaii Bd. Comrs. Agr. 

 and For., Div. E)it. Bid. 1, pp. 38). — A leaf hopper injurious to sugar cane is described 



