FOODS NUTRITIOK. 493 



of i^kim milk and egg yolk is descrilted, whioli is j^roposetl as a substitute for the 

 canned meat in the ration of troops on the march. iSkim-milk tablets containing 

 sugar, cacao, and citric acid are also spoken of. 



Cost of living ( U. S. Dept. Com. and Labor, Biorau of Labor Bui. 49, pp. 11S7~ 

 1141) •- — Data are given regarding the income and expenditures of 2,567 families in 

 33 States for the year 1901, the basis of selection being "that the head of the family 

 must be a wage worker or a salaried man earning not over $1,200 during the year, 

 and must be able to give information in regard to his expenditures in detail." 



It appeared that the expenditure for food represented 42.54 per cent of the total 

 family expenditure. This was an increase of 16.1 per cent over the corresponding 

 expenditure for 1896, the year of lowest prices in the period covered by the data 

 recorded by the Bureau, and an increase of 10.9 per cent as compared with the aver- 

 age of the period extending from 1890 to 1899. The article also includes data regard- 

 ing the retail prices of food in the regions represented by the families studied. 



Feeding- adults ■with co-ws' milk and human milk, A. Schlossmann and E. 

 MoRo (Ztxclir. Biol., 4o {lOOS) , No. S, pp. 261-291). — A comparative study of the nutri- 

 tive value of coAvs' milk and human milk, one of the authors being the subject. 



On the influence of diet, muscular exertion, and loss of sleep upon the 

 formation of uric acid in man, H. C. Sherman {Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc, 25{1903), 

 Xo. 11, pp. 1159-1166). — The formation of uric acid was studied in connection with 

 experiments with professional athletes of the effect of severe and prolonged muscu- 

 lar work on food consumption, digestion, and metabolism previously reported (E. S. 

 R., 13, p. 375), and similar studies with a professional man on the effect of loss of 

 sleep (E. S. R., 14, p. 788). 



According to the author's summary "both with professional athletes and with the 

 subject of sedentary habits, the elimination of uric acid was primarily dependent 

 upon the food consumed. 



"While very small changes, apparently, resulted from large variations in the 

 amount of a bread-and-milk diet, the elimination of uric acid was mainly determined 

 by the quantities of meat products consumed. 



"In the case of well-trained professional athletes very severe and prolonged mus- 

 cular exertion had little influence upon the formation and elimination of uric acid, 

 except indirectly, l)y inducing an appetite for stimulating foods such as meat extracts. 



"Marked loss of sleep had no apparent influence upon the amount of uric acid 

 eliminated." 



The effect of different foods on the water content of organs and the hemo- 

 globin content of blood, J. Tsuboi {Ztschr. Biol, 44 [1903), No. 3, pip- 376-406). — 

 Experiments with animals led to the conclusion that the hemoglobin content of the 

 blood can l)e influenced by the food, being diminisheil in the experiments reported. 

 When on an insufficient diet of bread and potatoes the carbohydrates were very 

 abundant in comparison with protein. At the same time the insufficient food causes 

 an increase in the water content of the ]>lood and of the whole body. 



The hemoglobin content of muscles, K. B. Lehmann et al. (ZtscJir. Biol., 4^ 

 (1903), No. 3, pp. 324-343). — The author summarizes the results obtained by 5 of his 

 students on the occurrence of hemoglobin in different sorts of muscular tissue. 

 Some of the principal conclusions follow: 



The nuiscles of young animals in general contain less hemoglobin than those of 

 adults, apparently owing to the fact that they are less used. In young animals of 

 the same kind marked differences were oliserved in the blood content of correspond- 

 ing muscles, which could not be explained by a difference in age, but seemed to be 

 due to heredity or other special cause. With adult animals the differences were 

 often greater and were more difficult of exj)lanation. 



The effect of exercise on the color of the muscular tissue is spoken of in connec- 

 tion with the flesh of game, attention being directed to the high blood content of 



15293— No. 5—04 6 



