NOTES. 



529 



water was used by orcliardistH in New York with good results. Crude petroleum 

 when applied for a series of years was found to increase the size of the lenticels and 

 the thii'kness of the bark, and the trees were injured in other ways. In New Jersey 

 the use of oil is now largely confined to pear trees, whieh are believed to receive a 

 positive benefit from such treatment. On all other fruit trees the lime-sulphur 

 mixture is used almost exclusively. 



In Ohio A. F. Burgess found that salt could advantageously be left out of the 

 mixture, but that it must be thoroughly boiled. The length of the l)oiling period 

 varied from 30 minutes to 1 hour, according to the custom of inspectors in different 

 States. J. B. Smith called attention to the desirability of devising some method by 

 which the lime-sulphur mixture can be prepared without boiling, since the boiling 

 process is considered by many horticulturists to be a troublesome operation. Several 

 inspectors had noted the fungicidal value of the lime-sulphur mixture. This remedy 

 is especiallj^ valuable in the treatment of leaf curl, and perhaps for certain other 

 important fungus diseases. 



In a discussion of the effect of cold weather upon San Jose scale, it was said to be 

 unaffected by 30° F. below zero in New Jersey, while in Georgia 98 per cent were 

 reported killed by a temperature of -1° below zero, and in Iowa the scale was unable 

 to endure the winter, except in the extreme southern part of the State. Attention 

 was called to the fact that frequently from 80 to 90 per cent of the scale die during 

 the winter, under normal conditions. 



The following officers were elected for the coming year: S. A. Forbes, chairman; 

 J. B. Smith, vice-chairman; J. B. S. Norton, secretary. 



International Live Stock Exposition, 1903. — This exposition, hgld in Chicago from 

 November 28 to December rt, 1903, was generally conceded the most satisfactory 

 which has ])een held, the exhibits of fat stock, breeding cattle, sheep, and hogs being 

 very satisfactory, while those of horses were unusually tine. As in earlier years, the 

 agricultural colleges and experiment stations were well represented, the parts which 

 they took as exhibitors and in judging being briefly summarized below. 



Prof. C. F. Curtiss, of the Iowa Station, one of the directors and a member of the 

 executive committee of the association having the management of this show, acted 

 as one of the judges, as did also E. A. Burnett, W. L. Carlyle, John A. Craig, W. A. 

 Henry, W. J. Kennedy, W. J. Rutherford, and Thomas Shaw. 



Special cash prizes for cattle, sheep, swine, and dressed animals, and feed and for- 

 age products were provided for the agricultural colleges and experiment stations, and 

 there were entries from the Iowa College and Station, the Minnesota Station, the 

 University of Nebraska, the Ohio State University, Purdue University, and the Wis- 

 consin Station. Aside from the prizes taken in this special "college" class, a con- 

 siderable number were taken by these institutions in the general classes open to all. 



The grand prize in the fat-stock class of the show was won by Challenger, a two- 

 year-old grade Hereford steer, selected from a feed lot and fattened by the University 

 of Nel)raska, which also took first prize in the college class. The second prize in this 

 class went to Purdue University, the third to the University of Nebraska, the fourth 

 to the Minnesota Station, and reserve to the Iowa College. The Minnesota Station 

 took the first, second, third, and fourth prizes and reserve for yearling cattle; and 

 for calves the first prize, went to the Iowa College, the second to the Minnesota Sta- 

 tion, and third, fourth, and reserve to the Iowa College. On the best 5 steers or 

 spayed heifers under 3 years of age, the first jirize was awarded to the Minnesota 

 Station, and reserve to the Iowa College. 



In the college sheep classes, open to all pure-breds and grades, the first and second 

 prizes for yearling wethers were awarded to the Wisconsin Station, and the third to 

 the Minnesota Station; wether lambs, first and second prizes to the Wisconsin Sta- 

 tion, and third to the Iowa College; and the Wisconsin Station took prizes for the 

 champion wether and the best 5 wethers under 2 years of age. 



