(514 EXPEEIMENT STATION EECORD. 



the tulxTcle bacillus passes down tlu' trachea and arrives in the alveoli. During this 

 passant' it oxorcisi's considiTaMc cluMiiotactic action upon tho polj'nnclear leucocytes 

 in the walls of the bronchi. 



Ah soon as the bacilli arrive in the alveoli tliey are surrounded ])y the alveolar 

 epitlielial cells and exercise a destructive influence upon the elastic fibers. The 

 epithelial and connective tissue elements undergo considerable proliferation in the 

 presence of the tubercle bacillus. Wherever the bacilli occur in large quantities 

 the neighboring tissue is entirely destroyed and an accumulation of polynuclear 

 leucocytes takes place. These in turn become destroyed, and round cells appear on 

 the periphery of the tubercle. 



Comparative investigations on tubercle bacilli of different origin, H. Kos- 

 SEi,, A. Webkr, and Heuss ( TuhcrhdoKc-Arh. K. Ges^vnclheitsamie, 1904, No. 1, ])p. 

 1-S3, ph. 4) ■ — The literature of this subject is discussed in connection with a bibliog- 

 raphy of 19-1: titles. The plan of the experiments reported in the paper included the 

 following features: The collection of the largest possible number of human tubercle 

 cultures from different cases and from different tuberculous organs; inhalation experi- 

 ments with virulent cultures of human tubercle bacilli in calves 3 to 6 months old; 

 feeding experiments with similar cultures repeated daily for a period of 3 months in 

 calves 3 to 6 months old and pigs 5 to 8 weeks old; one or repeated passages of 

 slightly virulent human tubercle cultures through goats, and subsequent inoculation 

 of calves 3 to 6 months of age with cultures thus treated; hypodermic inoculation of 

 calves 3 to 6 months old with fresh cultures of bovine tubercle bacilli; inhalation 

 experiments with similar cultures and with the same experimental animals; feeding 

 experiments during which calves and pigs were fed daily for a period of 3 months 

 milk containing bovine tubercle bacilli. Detailed notes are given concerning the 

 cultures obtained for these experiments. Inoculation experiments with rabbits, cat- 

 tle, and other experimental animals showed that hypodermic inoculations of cultures 

 which came from tuberculous organs of cattle and hogs produced almost without 

 exception a generalized tuberculosis in cattle and led to fatal results within 6 to 8 

 weeks in one-half of the cases. Experiments with tubercle bacilli from fowls indi- 

 cated that this form of the bacillus was not capable of producing a progressive tuber- 

 culosis in the organs of cattle. In the majority of cases human tubercle bacilli were 

 found to be distinguishable — from morjihological, cultural, and pathological stand- 

 points — from l)Ovine tubercle bacilli. In a few cases, however, human and bovine 

 tubercle bacilli appeared not to be distinguishable. The authors consider the bearing 

 of these results upon the question of the treatment of tuberculous milk and meat, and 

 conclude that the possibility of . infection of man by tuberculous products must be 

 admitted, but that this infection takes place with comparative infrequency. 



Tuberculosis of fowls, A. Weber and H. Bofinger ( TuberJculose-Arb. K. Gesund- 

 lieitsamte, 1904, No. 1, pp. S3-158, pi. 1). — The authors present a critical review of the 

 literature of this subject, in connection with a bibliography of 183 titles. A series of 

 experiments was made for the purpose of gaining additional information concerning 

 the identity or nonidentity of mammalian and avian tubercle bacilli. The authors 

 maintain that the identity of the organisms has not been shown in a single unexcep- 

 tionable case. No indication was found from their own experiments, or from the lit- 

 erature of the subject that fowls suffer from tuberculosis of the ovaries, and it is 

 therefore concluded that infection is not transmitted by means of the egg, but chiefly 

 in the feces. The authors' experiments were made largely with 11 original cultures 

 of avian tubercle bacilli. Detailed notes are given on the morphology and cultural 

 characters of these organisms. Inoculation experiments w^ere made with fowls, rab- 

 bits, guinea pigs, and mice, by the feeding, intravenous, hypodermic, and inhalation 

 niethods. The results of the authors' investigations may be summarized as follows: 

 The avian tubercle bacillus, as a rule, shows morphological and cultural characters, 

 which distinguish it clearly from the mammalian tubercle bacillus. Occasionally, 



