VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 721 



argued, tlierefore, that these cases furnish fresh proof of the identity of human and 

 bovine tuberculosis and indicate the possibiUty of morphological variation in the 

 bacillus during the process of adaptation. 



Experimental demonstration of the unity of tuberculosis, S. Arloing {Jour. 

 Med. Vef. et Zoolech., 5. ser., 7 [1903), May, pj). 257-278).— An extensive series of 

 experiments is reported, during which 46 animals were inoculated with tubercle 

 bacilli. Of this number, 33 received human tubercle bacilli and 13 bacilli of bovme 

 origin. The bacilli of human origin came from 5 cases of tuberculosis. During these 

 experiments asses, goats, cattle, sheep, and hogs were inoculated with human tubercle 

 bacilli, lattle, sheep, and goats with bovine tubercle bacilli, and cattle, sheep, and 

 goats with equine tubercle bacilli. 



The results were positive in every case, and the author concludes, therefore, that 

 tuberculosis in man is transmissible to cattle and causes characteristic tuberculous 

 lesions. The human tubercle bacillus is not always of the same virulence; in some 

 cases it appears almost entirely to have lost its virulence, while in others it is fully 

 as virulent as the bovine tubercle l)acillus. It is believed that the variability in the 

 virulence of the human tubercle Imcillus is sufficient to account for the negative 

 results obtained by Koch and Schiitz. 



Experiments in inoculating- cattle with tubercle bacilli of different origin, 

 H. KossEL {Zt.^rJtr. Fleisch- u. Milchhyg., 13 [1903), Xo. 11, pp. 329-337).— The experi- 

 ments reported in this article were undertaken for the purpose of testing the founda- 

 tion of Koch's assertion of the nonidentity of human and bovine tuberculosis. 



During these experiments cattle inoculated with tubercle bacilli of bovine origin 

 showed an enlargement of the prescapular lymphatic glands within from 8 to 10 

 days, and this swelling was preceded by the formation of an infiltration at the point 

 of inoculation. About 10 days after inoculation a high fever developed, which per- 

 sisted until the death of the animals in all acute cases. Infection with bovine tubercle 

 bacilli, however, did not always produce an acute infection. The results ol)tained 

 from inoculation of cattle with human tubercle bacilli showed that cultures of human 

 origin are less virulent. 



Cultures were obtained from 19 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in man, and were 

 inoculated hypodermically into cattle. An infiltration was formed at the point of 

 inoculation, and the prescapular glands became enlarged within 8 to 14 days. When 

 the animals were killed, 4 weeks after inoculation, living tubercle bacilli were found 

 in the caseous masses at the point of inoculation, but the prescapular glands in the 

 majority of cases had regained their normal size and appearance. In a few cases, 

 however, caseous foci were still found in these glands. 



The author also investigated 7 cases of primary intestinal tuberculosis in man, and 

 from 39 cultures thus obtained cattle were inoculated for the purpose of determining 

 the virulence of these bacilli. Four out of these 39 cultures were found to produce 

 generalized tuberculosis in cattle. As a rule, however, the bacilli obtained from man 

 were far less virulent than the bovine organism. 



Ingestion tuberculosis, D. von Hansemann (Berlin. Klin. Wchmchr., 40 {1903), 

 Nos. 7, pp. 141-144; 8, pp. 170-172). — Notes are given on 25 cases of intestinal tuljer- 

 culosis in man with special reference to the origin of these cases. The tubercle 

 bacilli concerned in the production of these cases were of animal origin. Brief notes 

 are given on ingestion tuberculosis in animals by way of comparison with data 

 obtained in the study of human tuberculosis. The author believes that in both man 

 and animals infection may take place through the healthy mucous membrane of the 

 alimentary tract, without causing any lesion in that structure. As a rule, however, 

 it is believed that infection takes place only during the presence of some other 

 disease or when the resisting power of the nmcous membrane is otherwise lowered. 



The permeability of the young gastroenteric mucous lining for tubercle 

 bacilli, DissE {Berlin. Klin. Wchnsdir., 40 {1903), No. 1, pp. 4-7,Ji(js. ^).— From the 



