DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 809 



extra time, although other advantages snch as inereasing the prod-u-tive rapacity of 

 eovvs, lessening the oceurreni-e of diseases of the udder, and necessitating increased 

 cleanliness are claimed for the method. On the basis of the results obtained it is 

 estimated that the general adoption of the method would increase the annual value 

 of the milk production of Germany to the extent of !r:>0,000,000. 



Results of demonstration experiments on the fseding- of dairy cows, con- 

 ducted under the supervision of the Government during' the winters of 

 1901-2 and 1902-3, J. Vaxdekvaerex {Bitl. CercU' Etudes Agro)t. [Brussels], 1904, 

 Xo. 9, pp. o05-ol9). — During the winters of 1901-2 and 1902-3, 92 feeding experi- 

 ments were conducted in the different provinces of Belgium under the supervision 

 of representatives of the ministry of agriculture. The details of these experiments 

 have appeared in two reports (E. S. K., 14, j). 488; 15, p. 809). This article sum- 

 marizes some of the results. It was found that the rations in ordinary use were fre- 

 quently more expensive than necessary, and were often deficient in proteids. I'nder 

 the direction of an expert the ration in ordinary use was compared with a new ration 

 made up of the same materials with the addition, in most instances, of feeding stuffs 

 rich in proteids furnished gratuitously by the Government. Each experiment com- 

 prised two periods during which the ordinary ration was fed and an intervening 

 peiiod during which tlie imjjroved ration was fed, the three pericxls being separated 

 by transitional periods. The results of the experiments are i)resented in two tables. 

 In 37 out of the 39 experiments conducted with 129 cows during the first winter the 

 results showed a net profit varying from about 1.7 to 2.1 cts. per day per cow, not 

 including the increased value of the manure. In 52 out of the 53 experiments con- 

 ducted with 156 cows during the second winter the increase in net profits varied 

 from about 0.9 to 28 cts. per cow per day. Averaging all results the net profit the 

 first winter was increased about 6.4 cts. per cow per day, and the second winter 

 about 6.3 cts. From these results it is estimated that the average increase in net 

 profit ])er year from rational feeding would amount to al>out 89.65 per cow. 



Demonstration experiments on the feeding of dairy cows, conducted at 

 the expense and under the supervision of the Government during the winter 

 of 1902-3 {Bui. Agr. [Brussels], 19 {190.3), Xo. 6, pp. 991-1 19.J).— Thin is a detailed 

 report upon 53 feeding experiments carried out in the different provinces of Belgium 

 with a view to improving the rations in ordinary use. The number of cows in the 

 different experiments was usually 2 to 4. The experiments lasted generally about 

 one month, and in each instance consisted in a comparison of the ordinary ration 

 and a modification of this ration believed to be better adapted to the conditions. 

 The results are discussed and sunnnarized for the individual experiments, but no 

 general conclusions are drawn. 



Concentrated commercial leeding stuffs and the feeding of dairy cows, 

 A. GREC40IKE {But. Cercle Etudes Ag run. [Brussels], 1904, Xo. 9, pp. 4^o-o04). — The 

 author discusses the composition of feeding stuffs, the role of the different nutrients 

 in animal nutrition, and the calculation of rations; and describes some of the more 

 •frequently used concentrated feeds such as linseed cake, cotton-seed meal, malt 

 sprouts, etc. Some of the results of the demonstration experiments conducted in 

 Belgium are given in the discussion. In 39 out oi 51 instances the amount of <ligesti- 

 Isle i)roteids actually fed was below the amount estimated as required. 



Relations between food fat, body fat, and milk fat, A. Eixecke {Milt. Landu-. 

 Inst. Univ. Breslau, 2 {1903), Xo. 3, pp. 559-645, dgm. 1). — This article consists of a 

 critical review of the literature of this subject and the details and summarized results 

 of 4 feeding experiments. 



Goats were used as the experimental animals, the number varying in the different 

 experiments from 2 to 4. Each exiieriment consisted of 3 periods of 14 days each, 

 not including a jjreliminary jieriod. During the second period an emulsion of either 

 rape-seed oil, cocoanut oil, or linseed oil was fed, the results being compared with 



