ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 899 



Lamb-feeding- experiments, J. H. Stewart and H. Atwoop ( West Virginia Sta. 

 Bill. 90, pp. ^in-2ii2). — In continuation of earlier work (E. S. R., 12, p. 73) 3 tests 

 with lambs are reported comparing cowpea hay with mixed timothy and clover hay. 

 In the first test 37 lambs weighing 2,3-10 lbs. gained 270 lbs. in 6 weeks on a ration of 

 cowpea hay and shelled corn. A second lot of 37 lambs weighing at the start 2,352 

 lbs. gained 48 lbs. on a ration of mixed timothy and clover liay and corn, while a lot 

 of 20 lambs weighing 1,052 ll)s. at the start and l)adly affected with stomach worms 

 lost 12 lbs. in the same period on a ration of cowjiea liay and corn. The authors 

 cak ulate that with the cowpea ration a pound of gain cost 0.79 cts., and with a mixed 

 hay ration 51.77 cts. 



In the second test, wliich covered 9 weeks, a lot of 26 lambs weighing 1,910 lbs. at 

 the start gained 378 11 )s. on a ration of cowpea hay and shelled corn, while a similar 

 lot fed mixed timothy and clover haj- and shelled corn gained only 223 lbs., the cost 

 of a ]iound of gaiu in the 2 cases being 5.27 cts. and 9.52 cts. 



The third test was made with 2 lots of 37 lambs each, the total weight of each lot 

 being al)out 2,280 lbs. In 73 days lot 1 fed cowpea hay and corn gained 495 ll)s. and 

 lot 2 fed mixed timothj' and clover hay and corn gained 200 lbs., the cost of a pound 

 of gain in the 2 cases 1)eing 3.32 cts. and 10.84 cts. In this and the other cases the 

 total amounts of feed consumed were recorded. 



According to the authors — 



"Valuing the cowpea hay at $5 per ton, the mixed hay at $10, and the corn at 

 1 ct. ]>er pound, then the lambs which received cowpea hay were fed each year at a 

 profit, while those receiving mixed hay were profital)le in only one instance. 



Practically none of the lambs gained in weight as rapidly as they should. This 

 was due partially to the presence of internal jiarasites, which interfered with the 

 process of digestion and assimilation, and partially to the inl)red and debilitated 

 flocks prevailing in this section from which the landjs were derived." 



The liog industry, < r. M. Rommel ( V. S. DejA. Agr., Bureau of Animal Imhislry 

 Bril. 47, pis. 1, pp. [ir,; ,?, pp. 97-193; S, pp. 193-398, maps 3). — This bulletin consti- 

 tutes an exhaustive siimmary of data relating to the pig-feeding industry in America, 

 the to]ncs discussed being selection, feeding, and management; recent American 

 experimental work in pork production; and statistics of production and trade. 



As regards suitable conditions, "the first place in hog raising in the United States 

 is easily witli the corn-growing sections, and here corn is the first grain thouglit of 

 when the fattening of animals, especially hogs, is mentioned. It is, however, fal- 

 lacious to argue that hog feeding will not give profital)le returns outside of the corn 

 belt. . . . Any locality that will grow clover of an}' species, that is favorable to 

 the production of alfalfa, peas, or beans, where grains are readily grown — not only 

 corn, but barley, wheat, oats, or rye — will be a favorable situation for the successful 

 production of pork. If it is a locality where dairying is common, no better advan- 

 tages are required; for, given leguminous pasture — clover, alfalfa, peas, beans, etc. — 

 as a basis, with a grain feed that can be readily grown and also dairy by-products, 

 the very highest grade of pork can be produced at a minimum cost." 



In llie selection of breeding stock, available data show that in actual practice "the 

 man wlio feeds for the market recognizes, not breed, l)ut type. . . . [Color and 

 other characteristics vary] but on the points that represent the real meat-yielding 

 parts of the animals the standards are almost identical. Breeders look for cjuality, 

 d('I)lh, length, and width of form and depth and condition of flesh, regardless of 

 whether their hogs are l)lack, red, or white. At first sight breeds of the bacon type 

 seem to be exceptions to this rule, but as yet there is not in the United States what 

 can be called a general market class for hogs of tliis type. ... At present (1902) 

 the hog that sells for the highest jjHce on the markets of the central West is the hog 

 of the lard type." The conformity of breeds to common standards is shown by data 

 comjiiled from score cards of the National Association of Expert Judges on Swine. 



