ANIMAL PRODUCTION". 901 



milk and the alfalfa grown on 162.5 sq. ft. of land were required per pound of gain. 

 According to the author, the pigs fed only alfalfa and skim milk did not have as 

 firm flesh as the others; furthermore, the digestive organs were more distended and 

 "in every way their condition indicated a larger percentage of offal with a smaller 

 percentage of marketable flesh." 



In this test one of the so-called "hog tamers" was employed to prevent the pigs 

 from rooting. This device the author considers " entirely successful and much to 

 be j)referre(l to the hog-ring." 



Feeding- farm horses and mules, C. AY. Bukkett {North Carolina Sta. Bui. 189, 

 pp. 99-127). — ITsing horses and mules belonging to the college, feeding tests were 

 undertaken to ct)mpare local grown feeding stuffs with each other and with pur- 

 chased feeds. In general the tests were so arranged that the rations compared were 

 fed at the same time to each of a pair of animals performing like work under uni- 

 form conditions. The principal feeding stuffs studied were bran, cowpea hay, 

 gluten meal, corn-and-cob meal, shelled corn, corn silage and stover, cowpeas, 

 cotton-seed meal, animal meal, and blood meal, 59 rations being tested. 



According to tlie author the test as a whole showed that the forage crops grown in 

 North Carolina are adapted to horse feeding, being efticient, easily grown, and avail- 

 able for every farmer, and tliat it is not necessary to purchase feeding stuffs outside 

 the State. 



"Cowpea hay is a valuable horse feed. Combined with corn-and-cob meal it 

 makes a practical working ration. It can also be substituted for bran and oats, 

 providing a reasonable quantity of corn is added to the daily ration." 

 ■ As an example of the successful use of cowpea liay it was found that 2 mules 

 weighing al)out 1,000 l)is. each maintained their weight for a period covering about 

 2 months on a ration of 10 lbs. of cowpea hay, 1.5 lbs. of cotton-seed meal, and 15 

 lbs. of corn-and-cob meal, the average cost per day being 19.5 cts. 



" Corn ensilage is a superior feed for horses and mules. One of the most satis- 

 factory rations fed in this series of experiments was composed of 21 lbs. of ensilage, 

 15 ll)s. of corn, 2 lbs. of bran, and 1 lb. of cotton-seed meal. The ration was cheap, 

 efficient, and wholesome to the animals. Corn stover is a roughage material that is 

 exceedingly vahia]>le for feeding farm horses and mules. It is a good substitute for 

 hay for the winter feeding of horses and mules because of its feeding value, the yield 

 per acre, and commercial value. 



"Oat hay when cut while in the milk state is a satisfactory horse feed. When 

 thus harvested it compares favorably with clover hay and cowpea hay." 



Ration.;^ containing 10 lbs. of oat hay with 1 pound of cotton-seed meal, 10 lbs. of 

 corn-and-cob meal, and 5 lbs. of bran or oats were found to be satisfactory in a test 

 covering abouta month made with 2 mules weighing nearly 1,000 lbs. each. The bran 

 ration was regarded as somewhat superior to the oat ration and was also the cheaper. 



"Cotton-seed meal can be used to replace a part of the corn (ir oats in a horse or 

 mule ration. Two j^ounds of cotton-seed meal as a part of the daily rations were fed 

 to horses and mules with satisfaction. This quantity can be fed in a mixture with 

 either grain or sprinkled on ensilage or on hay or stover that has been moistened 

 previously to feeding. In comparison with other feeding stuffs cotton-seed meal, 

 because of its higi^ feeding value, is a relatively cheap feed. Corn stover, corn, and 

 cotton-seed meal, because of feeding and commercial values, make satisfactory rations 

 for winter feeding of horses and mules, or at other times when on light or moderate 

 work. Some of the animals in these experiments did not at first relish cotton-seed 

 meal. Where animals can be made to acquire the taste it should be made a part of 

 the daily ration. 



"Tankage and dried blood were used in these tests satisfactorily. The latter is 

 especially valuable when horses are ' run down ' and thin in flesh." 



