vktj:rimaky sciknck and vkactice. 917 



The expeiinuMits sIkpwciI, furtlifniiorc, tlic •^vviit iniportaiicc of other bacterial 

 organisms associated witii the tul)('r<'le liacilliis (hiring tiie process of infection. The 

 author fed human tuberculous s])utum to ;> jtij^s, each pig receiving ahout 15 cc. at a 

 time. All these animals became infected with generalizi'd tuberculosis and died. 

 The ix'sults tlius ol)tained are compared with the work of Koch and his ])Ui)ils. 



Recent Awork on the question of the identity of human and bovine 

 tuberculosis, A. von Szkkklv {Vnnthl. linkf. n. Par., 1. Ahl., lief., .i 4 {1903), Xo. 

 iS-7, pp. PH-lSl) . — The author reviews in a critical manner the recent literature deal- 

 ing with the determination of the relationship between human and bovine tuber- 

 culoses in connection with a bibliography of this subject. As a iisult of this review 

 it is concluded that the problem is not definitely solved, but that the i)ossibility of 

 intertransmi.ssion of tuberculosis between man and animals nmst t)e admitted. 



Protective vaccination against tuberculosis, (". O. Jknskn {M(i(ined.'<,'<kr. 

 J>!/rl.rycr, 15 [1903), No. 1, pp. 17-23). — The work of Koi'h, Maragliano, vou Uehring, 

 and others is critically reviewed and the hope is expressed that a thoroughly prac- 

 tical method of protective vaccination will soon be developed. 



Cultivation of tubercle bacilli in bacterial mixtures and disinfection by 

 formaldehyde, C. Spengler {Zlachr. Ifjig. n. Infectionnkrank:, 4.i {1903), No. 1, pp. 

 90-114)- — During the experiments reported in this paper a large number of cultures 

 of tubercle bacilli, chiefly from the sputum of tuberculous patients, were made on 

 the various nutrient media, and the effect of formaldehyde fumes upon such cultures 

 was tested. It was found that in mixed cultures other organisms were destroyed by 

 the formaldehyde gas, while the tubercle bacilli remained apparently unaffected or 

 even developed more vigorously. 



The method of applying disinfection with formaldehyde gas was that recommended 

 l)y Fliigge. The author concludes that this method may l)e used to assist in the 

 identification of the tubercle bacillus, but is not reliable as a disinfecting method. 

 In a reply to this paper l)y C. Fliigge the latter argues that the formaldehyde gas was 

 not applied in sufficient concentration and that the tubercle bacilli were inclosed 

 in too large masses of material to allow the development of the full effects of the 

 treatment. 



The lesions produced in the kidneys by chloroform extract of tubercle 

 bacilli, L. Bernard and M.Salomon {('onipt. Rimh Sue. Binl. I'arh, 55 {190,!), 

 No.^. 30, pp. 1233-1235; 31, pp. 1306-1308). — A chloroform extract of tubercle l>acilli 

 was injected into the substance of the kidneys of rabbits and guinea i)igs and the 

 jjrogress of the intoxication was studied. Three days after injection the kidney cap- 

 sule became hemorrhagic and masses of fibrin were observed holding red blood 

 corpuscles. The center of the intoxication is invaded by leucocytes and a consider- 

 able extravasation develops. With small doses of tubercle toxin this produces 

 merely an interstitial nephritis, while w'ith large doses a leucocytic infiltration is 

 caused, with or without necrosis of the ])arenchyma of the kidneys. 



The acclimation of rabbits to fatal doses of dead tubercle bacilli, i)EMuiNsKi 

 {Coinpt. Rend. Soc. Biol. Paris, 55 {1903), No. 33, pp i^O.'v-Z.^ii ).— The experiments 

 which were carried on by the autiior indicate that it is possible by means of gradually 

 increasing intravenous doses of dead tubercle bacilli to bring about a great resisting 

 power in rabbits to the toxins contained in this substance. The resistance of rabbits 

 thus treated, however, is limited. When treated rabbits were inoculated in the 

 brain with quantities two or more times the size of fatal doses, they died as rapidly 

 as the control rabbits. 



Rendering- judgment on intestinal tuberculosis, K. Miller {'/A.^chr. Fleisch 

 u. Milrliln/i/., 13 (1903), No. 10, p. 317). — According to the (ierman meat-inspection 

 laws it is nece.s.sary to condemn or destroy all organs of which the corresponding 

 lymi)h glands are tuVjerculous. Attention is called to the necessity of anplying these 

 measures strictly in dealing with intestinal tu))erculosis in cattle. 



