978 EXPERIMKNT STATION RECORD. 



Notes are given on the lial)its, life his^tory, and means of eoni))atiiig oyster-shell 

 bark-lonjse ami wnirfy bark-louse. 



Nursery inspection and San Jose scale, H. Garman {Kentucky Sta. Bui. 110, 

 2>p. 195-210, j)lx. 5, jUj. 1). — This pest is said to have increased considerably in distri- 

 bution throughout Kentucky during the past 2 years. Notes are given on its present 

 distrilmtion in the State. The author presents a general account of the most satis- 

 factory methods of treating tins insect. 



The preparation of the; lime-suli)hur-salt ■wash is described, with notes on various 

 formulas for this insecticide. Early winter is said io l)e the best time to spray. 

 Notes are also given on the cost of luaterials and labor in spraying with this wash, 

 on the use of oil soaps, and on fumigation with hydrocyanic-acid gas. A brief 

 description is given of power pumps and steam cookers. Mention is made of the 

 more important insect and fungus diseases which have thus far been found to occur 

 in Kentucky nurseries. It is recommended that all nursery stock suspected of being 

 infested with San Jose scale should be fumigated with hydrocyanic-acid gas. 



Experiments on the control of the San Jose scale, T. B. Symons {Maryland 

 Sta. Bui. 90, pp. 34, figs. 4) • — A general account is given of the introduction of the 

 San Jose scale in Maryland, its distribution, habits, and life history. A series of 

 experiments was conducted in combating this insect with various insecticides applied 

 in spring, summer, and early and late fall. 



The results of these experiments are presented in a tabular form. From a study 

 of the experiments it is concluded that whale-oil soap can be applied as a summer 

 treatment in strengths varying from 1 lb. to 2 gal. of water to 1 lb. to 1 gal. of Mater, 

 without danger to the foliage of apple or peach trees. Only the unprotected insects, 

 however, are killed by this treatment. For summer treatment a 20 per cent kero- 

 sene emulsion with soap gave most satisfactory results, while 20 to 25 per cent lime- 

 kerosene emulsion was almost equally effective. Oregon wash was effective but 

 injured the foliage. 



Similar results were obtained with crude-petroleum emulsion. All of the early 

 fall applications were effective against the scale, but injured the foliage to some 

 extent. Kerosene emulsion appeared to be the best insecticide for that season of 

 the year. Lime-sulphur-salt wash appeared to be the best remedy for application in 

 November and December. The treatment most strongly recommended by the 

 author is the application of this remedy in the spring just before the buds begin to 

 swell. The wash is about equally effective with or without salt. 



The lime-sulphur-soda wash for orchard treatment, P. J. Parrott, S. A. 

 Beach, and H. 0. Woodworth {New York Stale Sta. Bui. 241, pp. 59-81, figs. 4)- — 

 The purposes of the experiments reported in this bulletin were to determine the 

 comparative merits of 1 application of sulphur wash in the dormant season (supple- 

 mented or not with Bordeaux arsenical mixtures), the usual applications of the 

 Bordeaux arsenical mixtures, the value of the sulphur wash in combating scale and 

 other insects as well as fungus diseases, and the extent to which sulphur wash can 

 be used in replacing Bordeaux arsenical mixtures. 



The number of trees upon which the experiments were made was 1,440, consisting 

 of apple, plum, pear, peach, quince, and cherry. The formulas used in the prepara- 

 tion of Bordeaux arsenical mixture and lime-suli^hur-caustic-soda wash are given. 

 The application of the sulphur wash was made between March 25 and April 29. The 

 sulphur wash apparently destroyed from 60 to 80 per cent of scales on apple trees and 

 was rather more effective on peach, plum, and pear trees, most of the branches of 

 which were entirely cleared of scales. In a comparative test of the Bordeaux arsen- 

 ical mixture and sulphur wash in the treatment of codling moth the sound fruit from 

 trees treated with Bordeaux arsenical mixture averaged 98.6 per cent, while that 

 from trees treated with sulphur wash amounted to 75.1 per cent. The application of 

 sulphur wash appeared to reduce greatly the injuries of the early spring leaf-eating 



