VETEKINARY SCIENCE AND TKACTICE. 1011 



(nn. Med. Vet., 2 {1903), No. 2i^,pp. JiJ-JAS').— The lawsund ivgulatioiis of Uenuauy 

 relatinu; to this matter are briefly discussed, and the regulations are compared with 

 those which exist in France with regard to the disposal of tuberculous meat. It is 

 urged that greater attention should be given to this matter in order that a greater 

 uniformity of treatment may be brought about, and also in order that dangerous 

 meat may more certainly l)e excluded from the market. 



A specific enteritis in cattle apparently of a tuberculous nature, II. Markts 

 (TIjdKchr. Vec<ni.'<t'iiijk. Maniidhhul, So {Jl'0.>), Xa. o, ]ip. ir/J-.^CW) .—Detailed clinical 

 notes are given on an enteritis observed in cattle. In cases of this disease a diffuse 

 chronic infiltration was observed in the alimentary canal, involving mucous and 

 subnuicous layers. The mesenteric lymph glands were also affected in a manner 

 api>arently identical with tuberculosis of these structures. 



Disease of cattle in the Molteno District {Agr. Jour. Cape Good Hope, 34 

 (1904), Xo. 2, pp. 163-16.5). — A preliminary investigation was made regarding the 

 nature and cause of a disease of cattle in the Molteno District of South Africa. The 

 disease affects cattle of all ages, but chiefly old cows. It does not appear to be due 

 to an active plant poison, but some evidence was obtained which indicates the possi- 

 l)ility of a slow-acting plant poison. According to this hypothesis the disease would 

 be related to the cirrhosis of the liver which is supposed to be caused by eating 

 Senecio jacobsea. 



An investigation of calf diarrhea, E. Joest {Zischr. Tkkrmed., 7 {1903), Xo. 

 5-6., pp. 377-413). — The observations and experiments reported in this paper were 

 confined to the Province of Pomerania. A large number of calves were obtained for 

 examination, all of which were submitted with the statement that they were affected 

 with diarrhea. Among these calves a bacteriological examination showed that 20 

 were affected with diarrhea, 1 with polyarthritis, 1 with hemorrhagic enteritis, and 

 1 with catarrhal pneumonia. 



An examination of the lesions in cases of calf diphtheria showed that the most 

 essential pathological characteristics of this disease are catarrhal inflammatory phe- 

 nomena in the stomach and alimentary tract, inflammatory swelling of the corre- 

 sponding lymph glands, parenchymatous degeneration of the liver, kidneys, and 

 heart, and hemorrhages in the serous membranes. A bacterial organism was found 

 in the small and large intestines, spleen, and blood. This organism was grown in 

 j)ure cultures on various media, and inoculation experiments were made ujion guinea 

 pigs, mice, rabbits, and calves. The results of these experiments are presented in 

 detail. 



It was found that the development of calf diarrhea could be to some extent pre- 

 vented by allowing the calf to have the fresh cow's milk immediately after birth. 

 It was shown, however, that the disease could develop in calves within a period of 

 from 12 to 15 hours without any infection having taken place through the alimentary 

 tract; in such cases the infection took place through the umbilical cord. A compari- 

 son of the bacterial cultures convinced the author that the bacteria of calf diphtheria 

 described by Jensen, the virulent coli bacilli of Poels, and the organism isolated by 

 the author are all one and the same species. This organism is also identical in all 

 essential particndars with the common coli bacillus, its one distinguishing character 

 being its greater virulence for calves. The author therefore proposes the name coli 

 Ijacillus of calf dysentery for this organism. 



Immunizing experiments with rabbits showed that it is a simple matter, by means 

 of increasing doses of this organism, to obtain a strongly agglutinating serum. 

 Experiments with this protective serum, however, showed that it is effective only 

 against bacilli belonging to the same race, while against organisms coming from any 

 other culture it is almost entirely inactive. In preparing a i)rotective serum, there- 

 fore, the author recommends that a large mmil>er of cultures of coli bacilli should be 

 mixed so as to obtain a polyvalent serum. 



