1090 EXrEKIMENT STATION EEOORD. 



Orchard enemies, F. Horsfall {Missouri Fruit Sta. Bui. 9, pp. 31, fujs. 17). — 

 Notes fill the habits, life history, and means of combating flat-headed apple-tree 

 borer; round-headed apple-tree borer; giant root borer; peach-tree borer; fruit^bark 

 beetle, codling moth; -woolly aphis; apple-tree aphis; cankerworms; fall webworm; 

 San Jose scale; tent caterpillars; plum curculio, etc. Brief notes are given on the 

 methods of })reparing approved insecticides. 



Injurious insects, W. Lochhead {Ontario Agr. Col. and Expt. Farm Rpt. 1903, 

 pp. 32, 33,J\(j. 1). — Brief notes on the habits, life liistory, and means of cfnnbating 

 pear psylla, Hessian fly, and codling moth. The pear psylla was unusually injurious 

 during the })ast year, and special attention is given by the author to this insect. In 

 combating the pest the author recommends spraying with kerosene emulsion, whale- 

 oil soap, lime-sulphur wash, or crude petroleum. 



Preliminary bulletin on insects of the cacao, C. S. Banks {Philippine Dept. 

 Int., Bureau Govt. Lab., 1903, No. 11, j)p. 58, j)ls. 62). — On account of the importance 

 of the cacao crop in the Philippine Islands the author undertook an investigation 

 of the insect pests of this plant. The present report is a result of this study and is 

 to be considered as of a preliminary nature. 



Notes are given which are believed to be useful for the farmers in the Philippines 

 in identifying the various pests of cacao and in applying suitable remedies for cf)n- 

 trolling them. The chief insect pests of cacao in the Philippines ajjpear to be black 

 ants, cicadas, white grubs belonging to the genus Anomala, various borers in the 

 trunks, white ants, a species of psocus, plant lice, thrips, various leaf-eating cater- 

 pillars, scale insects, and mealy bugs. A number of wasps and bugs as well as para- 

 sitic insects and spiders assist in controlling the injurious species. Notes are given 

 on the injuries to cacao caused by rats and on insects injurious to dried cacao and 

 some of the common fungus diseases. 



On a plague of grasshoppers in the Central Provinces, S. Stockman {Acjr. 

 Ledger, 1903, No. 3 {Ent. Ser., No. 10), pp. 65-85). — The author investigated the 

 habits, life history, and means of combating the grasshoppers which are commonly 

 injurious to rice in India. It was found that the eggs were usually laid in damp, 

 loose soil. The incubation period for the eggs was about 41 days. Young grass- 

 hoppers were not very seriously affected by heavy rains, but were susceptible to 

 flooding, esjiecially on muddy soil. 



The author tested the South African locust fungus without any satisfactory results. 

 A description is given of a trawling net useful for catching young locusts, and recom- 

 mendations are made regarding methods of preventing the locusts, viz, rotation of 

 crops, burning of grass, and other methods of preventing locust injuries. 



The cotton-boll weevil, L. de la Barreda {Com. Parasit. Agr. [Me.vico'], Circ. 

 6, pp. 35). — An account is given of the habits, life history, and depredations of this 

 pest, based in part upon publications of this Department. Experiments were con- 

 ducted by the Mexican Commission of Agricultural Parasitology for the purpose of 

 determining successful means of combating the pest. It is recommended that atten- 

 tion be given to the proper rotation of crops, careful selection of seed, flooding of 

 the lands, and destruction of cotton plants in the fall. 



The Mexican cotton-boll weevil in Texas, E. D. Sanderson {Proc. Soc. Prom. 

 Agr. ScL, 1904, pp. 157-170, figs. 6). — Already abstracted from another source (E. 

 S. E., 15, p. 545). 



A note on the root maggots, C. M. Weed {Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sd., 1904, PP- 

 142, 143). — During the season of 1903 the attacks of root maggots upon onions, cab- 

 bage, cauliflower, etc., was of unusual severity. Observations made for the purpose of 

 determining the cause of this outbreak indicated that wild mustard and other related 

 species serve as trap plants for the eggs of root maggots and that the prevalence of 

 these pests is to some extent dependent uj^on the prevalence of the mustard family. 



