VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 1125 



The morbid anatomy and etiology of avian tuberculosis, V. A. iNLooRE {.Tour. 

 Med. licxcarvli, 11 (lOO.)), Xo. J, pp. .',n-.').U^<, j>l. 1). — Tlie literature of this sn])ject is 

 critically reviewed in coiiiiectiou with numerous bibliographical references. Notes 

 are given on the symptoms of tuberculosis in fowls and on the pathological lesions. 

 A nuniln-r of experiments were carried on for the purpose of determining the method 

 of natural infection. Negative results were obtained from feeding fowls on the 

 t!})utum of tuberculous patients, but it appears probable that infection of fowls nat- 

 urally takes place through the alimentary tract, and that the disease is spread largely 

 througli the excreta. 



The tuberculosis (animal) compensation bill, A. J. Laird {Public Health 

 [LoiKlini], 16 {1004), ^0. 7, pp. 4IS-4,.'!). — The author states that considerable sup- 

 port has been promised in Parliament to a proposed bill granting indemnity for 

 slaughtered tuberculous animals. Attention is called to the various opportunities 

 which will V)e furnished for frustrating the legitimate purposes of this ])i]l and for the 

 practice of fraud in obtaining indemnities. 



On anthrax, J. Dunstan ( Trans. Highland and Agr. Soc. Scotland, .~>. xcr., 1'! {1904), 

 pp. 75-91). — This disease is reported as being on the increase in Great Britain, 

 despite the efforts which have been made to control it. The immber of animals 

 which die annually of the disease is, however, rather small as compared with the 

 losses from other causes. Detailed notes are given on the symptoms, methods of 

 diagnosis, and the control of the disease. 



The morphology and biology of anthrax bacillus, H. Preisz {Cenlhl. Bald. u. 

 Par., 1. Abt., Orig., 35 {1904), ^^o.s. 3, pp. 280-293; 4, pp. 410-434; 5, pp. 537-545; 6, 

 pp. 657-665, ph. 2). — An elaborate study was made of the various forms under which 

 the anthrax bacillus occurs on different nutrient media with special reference to the 

 formation of spores. The literature relating to this subject is reviewed in connec- 

 tion with a bibliography. 



Preparations of anthrax bacillus were stained in different ways, and a stud}' was 

 made of the various structures which could be identified in the body of the bacillus 

 after treatment with different stains. As a result of the author's study of this organ- 

 ism, it is concluded that the formation of spores always takes place in the end of the 

 cell and that the pyeripheral layer of the cell body is especially concerned in this 

 process. The author believes that the cell nucleus is not related to the spore. It 

 was found in studying the various cultures of the anthrax bacillus that a certain per- 

 centage of them could not be induced to form spores. 



Investigation of natural and artificial immunity to anthrax, A. Pettersson 

 {Cetithl. Bakt. u. Par., 1. Abt, Orig., 36 {1904), No. 1, pp. 7 1-83) .—T\\\s article is 

 occupied with a discussion of artificial immunity to anthrax in dogs. During these 

 studies the author carried out numerous inoculation experiments and examined 

 various tissues from pathological and chemical standpoints. It was found that 

 infection of anthrax pi'oduces considerable increase hi the bactericidal power of the 

 blood. The serum in itself appears to be quite inactive botn before and after infec- 

 tion. During the process of immunization of the dog toward the anthrax, no for- 

 mation of new immune bodies takes place, l)ut the production of complement is 

 considerably increased. There is also a marked increase in the number of leucocytes, 

 w hich probably assist in distributing the complement to points where it may be most 

 effective. 



The immunizing action of the nucleoproteid extracted from anthrax 

 bacilli, N. TiiiERTi ( Cerdhl. Bakt. n. Par., 1. Abl., Orig., 36 {1904), No. 1, pp. 62-71).— 

 The author describes in detail his method of obtaining a nucleoproteid from anthrax 

 bacilli. The experimental animals used by the author were rabbits and guinea pigs. 

 In 1 series of experiments, 12 rablMts were treated with varying doses of luicleo- 

 proteid an<l inoculated gra<lually with virulent cultures of anthrax at different 

 periods of time, and of this mnnber S survived while 4 l)ecame infected witii anthrax. 



