84 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



without, however, showing a typical bacterial infection. Frogs, lizards, and turtles 

 were most susceptible to the disease. When rabbits are inoculated with tubercle 

 bacilli obtained from frogs, small tubercles develop in the body cavity within a 

 period of 6 weeks, and these structures closely resemble those of tuberculosis. 



The resistance to bovine tubercle bacilli of two cattle in Marburg- which 

 had been treated with tubercle bacilli of different origin, A. Eber (Berlin. 

 Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 1904, No. 53, pp. 888-891).— A historical statement is made 

 regarding 2 young cattle which were immunized against bovine tuberculosis. One 

 of the animals was previously treated with intravenous injections of bovine tubercle 

 bacilli which had been attenuated by the addition of iodin trichlorid. The other 

 animal had received intravenous injections of greatly attenuated human tubercle 

 bacilli. 



It was found during the experiments which were made on these animals that the 

 intravenous injection of 0.05 gm. of moderately virulent tuberculous virus of bovine 

 origin caused a temporary loss of weight, slight fever after 40 days, a cough, and 

 tuberculin reaction. Subcutaneous injection of 0.5 gm. of similar material in non- 

 immunized cattle caused the appearance of tuberculous infiltration at the point of 

 inoculation. The 2 immunized cattle, however, withstood subcutaneous injection 

 without any reaction. 



Subcutaneous injection of 1 gm. of moderately virulent tuberculous virus of bovine 

 origin caused a large tuberculous infiltration at the point of inoculation, swelling of 

 the corresponding lymph glands, and an elevation of temperature. Experiments 

 were also carried out during which 2 gm. of the material were used in inoculating 

 immunized and nonimmunized animals. From this set of experiments it appears 

 that animals which have been treated by the von Behring method are more resistant 

 to artificial infection than untreated animals. The resistance is not absolute. 



It was found in these experiments that the tuberculin test in case of animals 

 immunized against tuberculosis is not a reliable criterion for determining the pres- 

 ence of tuberculous lesions. The author believes, however, that it is possible to pro- 

 duce considerable resisting power toward tuberculosis by previous treatment with 

 attenuated tubercle bacilli of bovine or human origin. 



Antituberculous vaccination according to von Behring, J. B. Schoffie ( Rev. 

 Gfai. Med. Vet., 4 (1904), A T o. 48, pp. 649-655). — Brief notes are given on the results 

 of experiments by different authors with von Behring' s method of vaccination against 

 tuberculosis. 



From this discussion and from the author's experiments, it is concluded that young 

 cattle may be successfully vaccinated against tuberculosis. by different methods, par- 

 ticularly by the use of intravenous injections of human tubercle bacilli. The prac- 

 tical value of this method can not be established upon a firm basis until results of 

 experiments now in progress in different countries are known. Von Behring' s 

 method is considered to be harmless for young animals, but various suggestions are 

 made regarding the improvement of the method. 



The transmission of animal tuberculosis to man by means of milk and 

 prophylactic measures, Vallee and Villejean (Rev. Gen. Med. Yet., 4 (1904), 

 Xo. 46, pp. 521-535).— The authors believe that it has been definitely established 

 that the milk of tuberculous cattle is a dangerous food for man. It remains, therefore, 

 to determine the extent of danger from the ingestion of milk which contains tubercle 

 bacilli. 



From the authors' experiments along this line it appears that while bovine tuber- 

 culosis is transmissible to man, and the milk of all tuberculous cattle may be virulent, 

 that which comes from cases of mammary tuberculosis is especially so. The only 

 satisfactory method of preventing such transmission through the milk is found in 

 the compulsory pasteurization, boiling, or sterilizing all milk from herds of cattle 

 where tuberculosis has been detected and where the tuberculin test has been given. 



