90 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



of 2 to 5 <«•.. would protect rabbits, geese, ducks, chickens, and even pigeons against 

 large subcutaneous injections with virulent blood. 



These experiments were repeated on a number of horses, and in some cases it was 

 found possible to obtain an exceedingly active scrum within a very short time. In 

 all these experiments the control animals died within 12 to 48 hours, while the 

 treated animals were unaffected by virulent cultures. This treatment is considered, 

 therefore, as conferring a passive immunity. The duration of such immunity appears 

 to he about IS days. Experiments with female hares showed that the immunity 

 produced in this manner may he transmitted from the mother to the offspring. 



RURAL ENGINEERING. 



Irrig-ation in Canada {Jour. Son. Arts, 53 (1905), Xo. 2740, pp. 745-747).— A. 

 description of irrigation works and tiie possibilities of irrigation in the semi-arid 

 region of the South Saskatchewan Valley, 10,000,000 acres of which are estimated to 

 he irrigable. The international complications between the United States and Canada 

 regarding the water supply for irrigation on the two sides of the boundary line are 

 briefly referred to. 



Irrig-ation in the United States, Zimmermann (Mitt. Deut. Landw. GeselL, 20 

 (1905), No. .'.\ />/>. 145-150). — A brief account showing the extent and development 

 of irrigation in this country, and referring to the work of this Department in aid of 

 irrigation. 



The irrig-ation project of the Canadian Pacific Railway (Engin. News, 53 

 (1905), Xo. 17, pp. 429-431, figs. 8). — A system of canals taking water from Bow River 

 to ultimately irrigate over 1,000,000 acres of land near Calgary is described. 



Irrigation in Klamath County, F. L. Kent [Oregon Sta. Bui. 86, pp. 16, figs. 

 3). — This is an account of experiments made in cooperation with this Office to deter- 

 mine losses by seepage and evaporation, the duty of water under different conditions, 

 and the cost of applying water in irrigation. The results and conclusions reached 

 are summarized as follows: 



"(1) In the soils of the region considered the losses by seepage and evaporation 

 are comparatively small, ranging between 10.24 per cent and 13.5 per cent in the 

 three cases observed on main ditches. 



"(2) The percentage losses in laterals may he considerably greater than in the 

 main ditches. 



•(.'>) The duty of water was rather high, a depth of only 4.92 to 6.27 in. being 

 required to produce the desired moisture conditions for the second irrigation of 

 alfalfa tie Ids. 



" (4) The cost of applying water to checked fields, after the land is properly fitted, 

 is less than one-hali the cost of application in free flooding. 



" (5) During the height of the growing season the evaporation from a water surface 

 may amount to a depth of 11 in. in 31 days. 



"(6) Chemical analyses show the waters of this region to be very desirable for 

 irrigation purposes. 



" (7) While two irrigations are commonly given alfalfa fields each season, there is 

 a growing tendency toward the use of three." 



Water problems of Santa Barbara, California, J. B. Lippixcott ( U. S. Geol. 

 Sam,/, Water-Supply and Trrig. Paper No. 116, pp. 99, 2>(s. 8, figs. 17).— This bulletin 

 describes the location and drainage of this district, reviews earlier work by others, 

 and summarizes data relating to the sources of water supply of the city and suburbs 

 of Santa Barbara. 



The use of irrigation for different crops, E. J. Wickson (For California, 

 (1905), Xo. 3, pp. 5, 6). — General information applicable especially to Californi 

 conditions. 



