116 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



observations during 86 years, 1784-1869, are summarized. Data are recorded for 

 pressure, temperature, rainfall, evaporation, casual phenomena, and phenologieal 

 observations. 



On the organization and conducting- of meteorological observations, F. W. 

 Toussaint (Fiihling's Landw. Ztg., 54 I 1905), No. 9, pp. 303-312).— A general discus- 

 sion of this subject. 



Islands for weather forecasting purposes, W. J. S. Lockyer {Nature [London], 

 : : 1905), No. 1857, pp. Ill, 112, figs. 2). — The importance of meteorological stations 

 on islands in the course of the rain-bearing winds of a country is explained, and the 

 desirability of closer cooperation between the meteorological services of different 

 countries is pointed out. 



The regime of rainfall and of rain-bearing winds, M. Chassant (Ann. Ecole 

 Nat. Agr. Montpellier, n. ser., 4 {1905), Xo. 4, pp- 291-326, pis. 7).— This is a sum- 

 mary of observations at the meteorological station of the National School of Agri- 

 culture of Montpellier during the period from 1873 to 1904. 



Data are summarized and discussed with reference to the absolute and mean depth 

 of rainfall, the number of rainy days, the intensity of rainfall, the distribution of 

 rain with reference to direction of wind, snowfall, and hailstorms. The maximum 

 annual rainfall for the period was 1,037.5 mm. in 1875, the minimum 450.8 mm. in 

 1881. The mean annual rainfall for the whole period was 710.1 mm. The months 

 showing the greatest rainfall during the period were October 82.4 mm., April 79.1, 

 January 74.5, and November 72.8. The months showing least rainfall were July 25.9 

 mm., February 43.8, March 50.2, and August 52.1. 



The average rainfall by seasons was as follows: Autumn 218.4 mm., spring 185.5, 

 winter 174.7, and summer 131.4. The average number of rainy days annually dur- 

 ing the period was 91. Rains occurred most frequently in spring, but the largest 

 amount of rainfall occurred, as noted above, in autumn, showing more violent down- 

 pours during this season. The greatest amount of rainfall occurred with southeast 

 and east winds, especially the first. 



An average of 2 snowfalls per year during the period was recorded. The largest of 

 these occurred February 10-13, 1890, and January 6-8, 1901, each being about 50 cm. 

 in depth. Hailstorms occurred very rarely, that of June 28, 1874, however, doing 

 considerable damage. 



Measurements of the duration of sunshine at Aas Agricultural College, 

 1897-1903, J. Sebeliex (Ber. Norges Landbr. Hbiskoles Virks., 1903-4, pp. 

 143-167). — The author discusses the apparatus constructed by various scientists for 

 making sunshine records and gives comparative results with several of these. 



The main work was done with a Jordan photochemical apparatus, the registration 

 paper of which was sensitized with an organic ferrisalt, the picture being developed 

 and fixed in a solution of potassium ferncyanid. This apparatus registered sunshine 

 at Aas (59° 40' N. lat. ) during the light season as early as 4.15 a. m., and as late as 

 9.30 p. m., which is about 1 hour after sunrise and about 10 minutes before sunset, 

 respectively. The axerage results of the sunshine records for the years given are 

 shown on the following page. 



