FORESTRY. 14 ( d 



During the year 2,981,880 cu. it. of timber, including sandalwood, was cut; also 

 1 7,422,74 1 cu. it. of fuel and a little over 37,000,000 baml s, \\ hile the miscellane- 

 ous receipts from grass and grazing was placed at abnul $500,000. The appendix i- 

 made up of tables showing the particulars regarding forests in each of the differenl 

 districts of the Presidency. 



Report of forest administration in the Andamans for 1903-4, B. B. 

 Osmaston i /!/>/. Forest Admin. Andamans, 1903-4, i>j>- 31).— A report on the condi- 

 tions <>t' tin- public forests in the Andamans as regards improvements, plantings, and 

 cuttings made during the year, administration, etc. 



Natural reproductions "t' Padouk were searched for, but practically n<> seedlings 

 nor saplings of this species could be found. Mangrove sowings have proved cheap 

 as well as successful. The average cost to completely restock swampy areas, includ- 

 ing the cost of collection of seed, etc., was about $2 per acre. The mangroves are 

 Bpaced 4 by I ft. apart. 



The determination of timber values, E. A. Bkwni [U. 8. Dept. Agr. Year- 

 book J904, /'/'• 158-460). — Experiments were made to determine exactly how much 

 more valuable a particular kind of a tree of a certain size is than another tree of the 

 same kind hut of smaller size. 



The special purpose of the investigation was to secure data on the rate at which 

 the timber value of the tree increases with its diameter growth, in consequence of 

 the higher quality of lumber which it will yield. In order to determine this matter 

 trees of different sizes were cut and sawed up into lumber. The exact amount of 

 lumber of the different grades which each tree of each size made was recorded ami 

 the value <>f the lumber thus obtained found by using cm-rent market prices for i he 

 different grades. Tables containing these data in detail are given for yellow birch 

 timber from trees varying in size from L3 to 31 in. in diameter. Similar data were 

 also collected for sugar maple and beech from Adirondack hard woods and of Iqng- 

 leaf pine. 



From the tables given it is -shown that lumber from a 24-in. birch tret' is worth 

 $5.63 per 1,0(10 ft. more than lumber from a 13-in. tree. From a tree :;i in. m diam- 

 eter the lumber is worth ss.4.'l per 1,000 ft. more than from a lurch tree 1.; in. in 

 diameter. With the sugar maple and beech, lumber from a 24-in. tree is worth 

 $3.13 and $1.39, respectively, more than from a tree L3 in. in diameter. With long- 

 leaf | »ine there was a difference of $1.72 per 1,000 ft. in favor of a pine 24 in. in diame- 

 ter as, compared with a pine 14 in. in diameter. It is believed that Adirondack 

 lumbermen may be able to figure out fairly accurately the values of their hard 

 woods if they know the expense of stum page, logging, and manufacture. 



In the working plan for a tract at McKeever, N. Y., the average number of trees 

 of birch, sugar maple, and beech of 17 in. in diameter, etc., was determined. Plac- 

 ing the cost ofstumpage, logging, and manufacture as low. as $10.50 on 17-in. tic.-. 

 it was estimated that there would he a profit of 42 cts. per L, 000 ft on birch and 

 21 cts. on maple. If all the birch and maple above 17 in. in diameter were cut out 

 the profits would be $11.32 per acre and the average profit per 1,000 ft. would be 

 $4.15 from birch and $1.49 from maple. Jt was found that when the smaller trees 

 were taken the profits per acre were increased hut the profits per 1,000 ft. decreased. 



The profits per acre when the expenses of lumbering were $10.50, $10.75, etc, up 

 to $12.75 per 1,000 ft. were calculated for tracts in the Adiroiidacks, the results of 

 which do not encourage indiscriminate cutting of hard woods in the Adirondack^, 

 hut on the other hand furnish strong arguments againsl careless lumbering. It is 

 believed that the expenses of lumbering in the Adirondack^ are so high that it will 

 not pay to cut any hut the larger trees. The t'iL r ure> obtained " prove that the lum- 

 berman who would make the highest profits out of the Adirondack hard woods 



must cut within certain diameter limits and leave, in most cases, a considerable stand 

 of timber uncut." 



