YKTERINARY MEDICINE. 187 



tares did not give bo much protection as a single injection of a more virulent culture. 

 The Highest degree of immunity is produced by cultures of a virulence just insuffi- 

 cient to cause progressive tuberculosis. With Buch cultures subcutaneous injection is 

 as effective as the intravenous method. 



An attempt to obtain an antitoxic blood serum from the donkey, mule, and bone 

 by inoculation with tuberculin and attenuated tubercle bacilli was only partly suc- 

 cessful. The Berum of treated animals appeared to 1i.i\ e some anti tuberculous po^ er. 



The persistence of tubercle bacilli in the tissues of animals after injection was 

 Btudied, especially in cattle. Virulent tubercle bacilli were found in all lesions of 

 whatever age. It appears, therefore, that bacilli may retain their virulence long after 

 tiny cease to multiplyand perhaps indefinitely. Dead bovine tubercle bacilli inocu- 

 lated into a sheep caused quite extensive disease and persisted in the tissues for 

 uearly 6 months. Tubercle bacilli of such low virulence as to be perfectly innocuous 

 for guinea pigs remained in the tissues of cattle for 10 months. Oh account of the 

 long persistence of tubercle bacilli in the tissues, the method of immunization by 

 attenuated cultures is condemned as somewhat dangerous to man. 



Lesions in the kidneys caused by intravenous inoculation with tubercle 

 bacilli, L. Bernard and M. Salomon i Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 51 I 190 

 86, pp. 526-528). -Five rabbits were inoculated with an emulsion of tubercle bacilli 

 directly into the left ventricle, and also ."> dogs were inoculated intravenously. These 

 animals were killed from 20 days to 3 months alter inoculation and the kidneys were 

 Btudied for the purpose of determining the lesions produced by such infection. 

 These lesions were found to be chiefly of ■"> sorts, viz, tuberculous follicles, chains of 

 lymphocytes, and epithelial lesions. 



The dangerous properties of tuberculous meat and prophylactic meas- 

 ures, Vallee and Villejean {Rev. GSn. Med. Vet., ■>' (1904), No. ;:>, pp. /.;.;- 

 946). — According to the majority of investigators at the present time, tubercle 

 bacilli of bovine origin are the most virulent of all forms oi these organisms. 



Notes are given <>n the distribution of tuberculous lesions in adult rattle, calves, 

 Sheep, and -oats, together with statistics on the relative frequency of the occurrence 

 of this disease in slaughtered animals. The permanent French commission for. the 

 study ot tuberculosis recommends that tuberculosis of hogsshould be added to the 

 li-t of di -eases which must be passed upon by the sanitary police. 



The value of the study of tuberculin reaction, S Arloing {Jour. Mid. Vit. >' 

 Zootech., 56 I 1905), Jan., />/>. 1-5).— A brief criticism is presented of the recent work 

 of Vallee on the subject of a precocious reaction to a second tuberculin inoculation. 



In the author's opinion the rapidity with which reaction to tuberculin manifests 

 itself is not much greater at the second test than at the first test. In 40 cases of cattle 

 and -oat- experimentally inoculated with tuberculosis and subsequently tested with 

 tuberculin tor the first time the maximum temperatures were presented in 2 cases 

 within 2 hours, in L' cases within 4 hours, in 2 cases within "> hours, and in !' cases 

 within »i hours. 



In only I case did the maximum temperature occur as late as 1-1 hours altei inoc- 

 ulation. The author suggests, therefore, the desirability of taking the temperatures 

 in all cases much sooner after inoculation with tuberculin than has generally been 

 ten immended. 



Two ways of treating- tuberculosis in herds, II. L. Russell | Wisconsin Sta. 

 /»'"/. /.''.', pp. 7.7, figs ./'). — In 1 herd of 7»> cows, the milk of which wa- used for 

 city suppl) . 57 reacted to tuberculin, and of the 57 reactors 32 were bo badly affected 

 as to require total condemnation of the carcass. In many the uddei was affected. 



In another herd ot 72 animal- 69 reacted. 



In both the-.' cases negligence and unsanitary surroundings were responsible for 

 the heavy losses ami the danger to human health. Not,- are given on other 

 instances in which the first case of tuberculosis in a herd was promptly detected by 



