AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 197 



body of knowledge at present acquired through the expenditure of the same amount 

 of time and effort;" (7)thatmuch needs to be done to educate the people in rural 

 communities to see and appreciate the value of industrial education; (8) "that the 

 courses of study in rural schools should be framed with reference to meeting the 

 needs of the children in those communities, and not with reference to preparing a 

 small percentage of these children bo enter higher schools whose courses of study 

 ire formulated, not to meet the needs of the great majority of those who attend 

 then i. l)iit to prepare the remaining small minority to enter some still higher school ;" 

 9) that it is possible and desirable, without detrimenl to the present school system, 

 to organize for rural people an articulated series of schools from the elementar) 

 school to, and including, the agricultural college; I i (| < that special opportunities and 

 inducements must be offered to teachers to prepare themselves I r giving instruction 

 in industrial subjects; (11) that the organization of boys' and girls' clubs, reading 

 courses, granges, and farmers' institutes should be promoted; and i 12) that under 

 existing coin lit ions as to the preparation of teachers for this work "any law making 

 mandatory the teaching of the elements of agriculture, manual training, or domestic 

 science in the entire body of rural schools within a State is unwise, in that the lack 

 of correct information and consequent faulty teaching on the part of the great mass 

 of country school-teachers will tend to bring the whole subject into disrepute and 

 causes reaction which will postpone the proper development of industrial education." 



Lady Warwick's farming college for girls, II. Spender i Cent. Mag., 

 No. /'. /v. 548-558, figs. /').- This is a popular account of Lady Warwick's efforts to 

 provide such training for middle class uirls in England as will enable them to earn a 

 livim_ r from the land. 



The school she opened in Reading in 1895 is described a- preparing the way for 

 her more commodious farm school at Studley Castle, or Warwick Castle, as it is 

 sometimes called. The latter school was opened in 1901 and has an attendance of 



ftbout 40 Students, who are given both theoretical instruction and practical work it; 



horticulture, dairying, beekeeping, canning, pickling, and other related subjects. 



The author states that Lady Warwick announces that she will gladly welcome Ameri- 

 can Lrirls to her school. 



Agricultural education in Porto Rico, F. M. Pennock (South. Workman, 84 

 1905 . A'--. ,v. ////. f83-488, figs. 6). — The writer, who is director of agriculture in the 

 University of Porto-Rico, gives an account of the development of agricultural educa- 

 tion in Porto Rico since the close of the Spanish-American War. 



The first step in this development was the organization of 19 agricultural school-. 

 10 of which, owing to failures due largely to lack of trained teachers, have since 

 been discontinued. The remaining 9 schools are now said to be doing successful 

 work. The next step was the organization of the University of Porto Rico, the 

 chattel- of which provides that an agricultural and mechanical department shall 



1 rganized and that this institution shall be the recipient of any funds which the 



United States Government may appropriate for agricultural ami mechanical educa- 

 tion underthe provisions of the Morrill Act. in case its benefits are extended to Porto 

 Bico. 



A farm of LOO acres has been purchased at Rio Piedras for the agricultural depart- 

 ment, and here an agricultural school of secondary grade was started in February, 

 L905, in connection with the normal school of the university. The student- devote 

 the morning hours to practical work in the fields and the afternoon hour- to class 

 work at the normal school ami the agricultural college. 



The annual report of the Boston school-garden committee, 1905 I 

 IS05, i>[>. ;. pis. 9, fig. 1). — This is a report of progress by the committee which has 

 had charge of school-garden work in Boston for 4 years. Children's gardens have 

 been maintained during the past year in connection with '.* schools, and in numerous 

 places throughout the city not connected with schools. 



