222 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Influence of Small Lakes on Local Temperature Conditions (illus. ), see p. 224, by J. L. 

 Bartlett; The Great Indian Earthquake of April 4, 1905, as Recorded at the Weather 

 Bureau (illus.), by C. F. Marvin; Rhododendron Leaves as Thermometers, by J. F. 

 Johnson; Fake Rainmaking, by W. L. Moore; Wind Velocities for Different Alti- 

 tudes and Exposures, by A. J. Mitchell; Tornadoes of March 17, 1905, in Western 

 Oklahoma, by C. M. Strong; Some Temperatures Taken on Lakes Huron and Supe- 

 rior in July and August of 1904, by F. L. Odenbach; A Cold Weather Dust Whirl, 

 by F. W. Proctor; Note on the Winds of the Region Adjacent to the Gulf of Cali- 

 fornia, by G. H. Stone; A Heavy Deposit of Hoarfrost and its Effect in Retarding 

 Nocturnal Cooling (illus.), by D. A. Seelej*; and Tornado of April 14 near Pensa- 

 cola, Fla., by W. F. Reed, jr.; and notes on unusual weather at Dodge, Kans., snow 

 and frost crystals, tidal phenomena, and meteorological course at Williams College. 



No. 5. — Special contributions on Studies on the Diurnal Periods in the Lower Strata 

 of the Atmosphere— IV, The Diurnal Periods of the Terrestrial Magnetic Field and 

 the Aperiodic Disturbances (illus.), by F. H. Bigelow; Proposed Observations in 

 Meteorology to be Undertaken during the Expedition to Observe the Total Eclipse of 

 the Sun in Spain and Tunis. August 30, 1905 (illus.), by F. H. Bigelow; Snowfalls, 

 Freshets, and the Winter Flow of Streams in the State of New York (illus. ), by R. E. 

 Horton; The Rainfall of the Drainage Area of New Orleans, La. (illus.), by F. S. 

 Shields; Canadian Seismographic Records (illus.), by R. F. Stupart; and Supplying 

 Moisture in Connection with Artifical Heating, by G. A. Loveland; and notes on 

 meteorology and the teachers of physics, sounding balloons at St. Louis, Mo., atmos- 

 pheric explorations in the Tropics, atmospheric electricity, notes on earthquakes by 

 Weather Bureau observers, and storm warnings at wireless telegraph stations. 



Summaries of temperatures, rainfalls, and sunshines, E. F. Ladd (Xorth 

 Dakota Sta. Rpt. 1904, pt. 1, pp. 12-17). — Tables are given which show the monthly 

 and annual temperature and rainfall for 1904, the annual rainfall since 1892, monthly 

 and annual rainfall since 1895, monthly and annual sunshine record for 1904 and 

 for each year since 1899, and daily observations on evaporation from a water surface, 

 May to September, 1904, with monthly summaries of evaporation and rainfall for 

 the same period during the years 1902 and 1903. 



The mean temperature as recorded at Fargo for the year 1904 was 37.05° F. ; the 

 maximum temperature 91, in August; the minimum —39, in January. The annual 

 rainfall was 20.26 in. as compared with 20.83 in. for the previous 13 years. The aver- 

 ages for a series of years show that the larger proportion of the rainfall occurs during 

 the growing period, the total rainfall or snow calculated as rain for the 5 months, 

 November to April, being less than 2 in. 



"There has been since 1901 a regular decrease in the per cent of sunshine recorded 

 from 49.43 per cent to 39.04 per cent. There has been also an increase in cloudy 

 weather but a decrease in evaporation from a water surface and generally an increase 

 in rainfall." 



The total amount of water evaporated from a water surface during May to Septem- 

 ber, 1904, was 6.09 in. per month or 0.215 in. per day, the total amount evaporated 

 during the period being 30.44 in. as compared with 28.12 in. in 1902 and 41.87 in. in 

 1903. "In 1902 the evaporation was 1.96 times the rainfall for the same period. 

 In 1903 it was 2.58 times as great, and in 1904 it was 2.47 times as great. Or, in 

 other words, the evaporation from a water surface is from 2 to 2.5 times the amount 

 of the rainfall for the months under consideration." 



Meteorology, T. M. Carpenter {Pennsylvania Sta. Rpt. 1904, pp. 155-169, 269- 

 291). — The observations here recorded are of the same character as those reported 

 in previous years (E. S. R., 16, p 750). Monthly summaries of observations are 

 given in the body of the report and the detailed record in an appendix. The sum- 

 mary for 1903 is as follows: 



