224 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Notes on the difference of temperature, McGill College grounds and Mount 

 Royal, Montreal, Canada, C. H. McLeod and H. T. Barnes (Proc. and Trans. 

 Roy.Soc. Canada, 2. ser. 10 (1904), Sec. Ill, j>j>. 71-125, ph. 25) .—Comparative obser- 

 vations on the college grounds, 180 ft. above sea level, and on Mount Royal, 800 ft. 

 above sea level, are reported in tables and diagrams and briefly discussed. 



The curves show "that any marked change in temperature at the lower station 

 has been heralded by a change in the same direction at the higher station by an 

 interval of time, sometimes as great as 24 hours. This interval, which seems to be 

 very variable, depends probably upon wind conditions. . . . 



"No attempt has been made to trace the connection between wind or general 

 weather conditions and the differential curves. Without consideration of such 

 effects it would appear that the following relations hold: (a) Normal differences in 

 temperature vary with the average air temperature, increasing negatively as temper- 

 ature falls, (b) Departure from normal differences in a negative direction indicates 

 lower air temperatures, and in a positive direction change to warm weather." 



Reprints of papers and charts relating- to meteorology and terrestrial 

 mag-netism, G. Hellmann (Neudrucke von Schriften und. Karten uber Meteorologie und 

 Erdmagnetismus. Berlin: A. Asher & Co., 1904, vol. 15, pp. 328; rev. in Science, n. ser., 

 22 (1905), No. 552, p. 116). — This is the fifteenth and final volume of this biblio- 

 graphical work, including the more important papers relating to meteorology and 

 terrestrial magnetism. 



The influence of small lakes on local temperature conditions, J. L. Bart- 

 let r (Mo. Weather Rev., 33 (1905), Xo. 4, pp- 147, 148, fig. 1). — A comparison is made 

 of observations on temperature at Washburn Observatory, University of Wisconsin, 

 which is located on a ridge between Lakes Mendota and Monona, and at Harvey, 

 Portage, Beloit, and Dodgeville, located respectively to the east, north, south, and 

 west of Madison, within a radius of 45 miles from that city. 



The results, which are shown diagrammatically, make it clear that the lakes have 

 a considerable influence on the temperature conditions. This influence is exerted 

 in preventing the occurrence of killing frosts in the late spring and early fall. The 

 range of temperature at Madison during January and February, when the lakes are 

 almost invariably thickly coated with ice, averages over 2 degrees less than at the 

 other points. During August the minimum curve reaches its extreme positive 

 departure and the daily range of temperature averages 6 degrees less than that of 

 neighboring purely continental exposures. 



"While the exposure at Madison especially favors the influence of the lakes on 

 the observed temperatures, yet it is believed that wherever small lakes are found 

 the temperature conditions in their vicinity will show departures from the purely 

 continental type of their section much resembling those given above, though not so 

 marked." 



The sun and nature, C. Flammarion (Separate from Bui. Soc. Astron. France, 

 1905, July, pp. 10, figs. 3).— A report on observations at the Paris observatory on the 

 relation between variations in sun spots and the leafing and flowering of trees. 



The farmer and the weather map, H. H. Lyon (Country Gent., 10 (1905), Xo. 

 2745, pp. 809, 810).— This article advises farmers to study the daily weather map 

 more closely, especially the position and movement of the high and low areas. It 

 suggests that "it would be a great help to the farmer and would tend to popularize 

 the Weather Bureau" if, in addition to the daily forecasts published in the daily 

 papers, the forecast official would state in simple language "the position of the 'low' 

 areas, indicate their probable or possible course, and the rapidity of their movement. 

 He could state the chances of their containing large or small quantities of moisture 

 and something regarding their probable time and manner of exit from any given 



