286 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



"(5) Rye is praised as a soiling crop on account of its rapid growth early in the 

 season. A mistake is often made in cutting this crop too late in the season. Cutting 

 should be commenced before the rye heads out. After heads are formed it rapidly 

 becomes woody and unfit as a soiling crop. Under ordinary conditions it can not be 

 fed very long after heading out without causing a decrease in the flow of milk. 



"(6) Soja beans and cowpeas produced a fair yield of dry matter per acre and 

 proved quite satisfactory as soiling crops. From the trials made at the station with 

 these two crops, cowpeas are preferred to the beans. The vines are less woody and 

 from the feeder's standpoint are preferred. 



"There seems to be quite a marked difference between the different varieties of 

 soja beans. Some varieties mature very much earlier than others. As both soja 

 beans and cowpeas #re hot-weather plants and thrive best in warm countries the 

 early maturing varieties should be sown. 



"(7) Where Canada field peas grow well they make a most excellent forage crop 

 when sown with oats. It is essential to have the sowing made early in the spring in 

 order to secure a good germination. If the seeding is made late in the spring the 

 peas should be sown somewhat deeper than the oats. This crop produced a good 

 yield and proved to be a most excellent soiling crop. It has the advantage of some 

 other crops of being readily converted into good hay if more is raised than is needed 

 for soiling purposes. 



"(8) Rape is not to be commended as a soiling crop. Cattle do not eat it well and 

 in some instances it is said to have imparted an objectionable flavor to the milk. It 

 is not so early as some other crops and neither is it as good." 



The feeding- value of apple pomace, J. B. Lindsey (Massachusetts Sta. JRpt. 1904, 

 pp. 85-87). — The average composition of 2 samples of apple pomace is reported as 

 follows: Water 80.80 per cent, protein 0.98, fat 1.09, nitrogen-free extract 13. 38, crude 

 fiber 3.09, ash 0.67. The average coefficients of digestibility as determined in 6 trials 

 are as follows: Dry matter 71.5, fat 45.3, nitrogen-free extract 84.4, crude fiber 64.4, 

 ash 48.7. Apple pomace is therefore believed to approach corn silage in feeding value. 



From 15 to 30 lbs. of apple pomace have been fed daily to dairy animals at the 

 station with satisfactory results. When fed in a balanced ration it is estimated that 

 4 lbs. of apple pomace is equivalent to 1 lb. of good hay. Feeders are cautioned 

 against feeding too large quantities of apple pomace at first. "Judging from all the 

 data available, it is believed that farmers living in the vicinity of cider mills will find 

 it good economy to utilize the pomace as a food for their dairy stock." 



A milking" machine that promises to be a success, H. H. Lyon (Hoard's Dairy- 

 man, 36 (1905), No. 33, p. 855). — The author describes briefly and comments favor- 

 ably upon the use of the Burrell machine. 



The composition of cow's milk obtained at one milking- from the different 

 quarters of the udder, R. Hanne (Milchw. Zentbl, 1 (1905), Xo. 8, pp. 356-363).— 

 In these experiments with 15 cows the yield of milk from the different quarters of 

 the udder varied greatly. In general the hind quarters yielded more than the fore 

 and the right half more than the left. Marked differences were observed in the 

 composition of the milk from the different quarters at the same milking, and these 

 variations were not constant for any cow in successive milkings. 



Investigations on the influence upon milk production of food fat and 

 other food constituents when added to scanty rations, A. Morgen, C. Beger, 

 and G. Fingerling (Landw. Vers. Stat, 62 (1905), No. 4-5, pp. 251-386).— This 

 series of experiments, conducted with 8 sheep and 1 goat, is in continuation of simi- 

 lar work previously noted (E. S. R., 16, p. 696). The basal ration fed in the present 

 experiments was normal as regards nutritive ratio but restricted in quantity. In 

 some of the experiments the quantity of fat in the basal ration w r as also deficient. 

 The food constituent particularly studied as an addition to this ration was fat, though 

 more attention was paid to carbohydrates and protein than in the earlier work. 



