FIELD CROPS. 551 



The culture of sugar cane and the sugar industry in Hawaii and Reunion, 

 L. C0L8ON (Paris: Augustin Challamel, 1906, ?. ed.,pp. f31,Jigs. ?0,ma} dis- 

 cussing the culture of sugar cane, the soil, planting, use of fertilizers, irrigation, cul- 

 tivation, yield, varieties of cane, rotation of crops, labor, cosl <»t' production, methods 

 of transportation, experiment station work with sugar cane, and planters' associa- 

 tions arc < sidered. 



Descriptions of a number of plantations and sugarhousee are also given. Much of 

 the information presented is compiled from bulletins and periodicals published in 

 the Islands. The discussions on the manufacture of BUgar trea1 of tin- methods and 

 systems of machinery employed, tin- yields of sugar, uses and value of the by- 

 products, and the cosl of production. 



Assimilation in the sugar-cane plant, Z. Kamebling [Meded. /' . 

 riet West-Java, 1905, 2Vb. 81, />/>. 9). — The scries of investigations here reported has 

 been previously described and the results up to date have remained approximately 

 as those previously reported I I'.. S. R., 15, p. 467). 



Tobacco investigations in Ohio, (i. T. McNess and G. B. Masses U. s 

 Agr., Bur. Soils Bui. ?9, pp.38). — The climate of southwestern Ohio, the best tobacco 

 soils of the region, comprising the Miami gravelly loam and the Miami clay Loam, 

 ami the 4 principal varieties of tobacco grown in the Miami Valley, namely, Zim- 

 mer Spanish, Ohio seed Leaf, Little Dutch, and Ohio Cuban, are described, and a 

 report on growing Cuban seed tobacco and on the introduction of bulk fermentation 

 in Ohio is presented. The work in the production and preparation of the crop in 

 L904 is described in detail. 



The changes in temperature from November 21 to January 30 during the fermen- 

 tation of a bulk containing .".,!••")() Lbs. are tabulated. The changes in temperature of 

 the bulk after "kasing," or adding water by artificial means, are also given. In 

 the first bulk the temperature when allowed to run as high as the moisture in the 

 leaf would admit did not go above 120° F. Early in February this bulk was taken 

 down and rebuilt after each hand of tobacco had been dipped in water. Within ti 

 days the temperature had reached 121° F., when the tobacco was again taken down, 

 shaken out, and rehulked. In this bulk the highest temperature, 120° 1'.. was 

 reached on February 25, after which the thermometer indicated a decline in the fer- 

 mentation. After rebulking on March 1 the temperature did not rise above 109° F. 

 and fell to 98° on March 31. When the tobacco was sized, graded, and rehulked to 

 age the temperature averaged 102°. 



A statement is given showing that the cost of growing Cuban seed tobacco in the 

 experiment of 1904 was 10.5 cts. and the cost of fermenting and packing 4.5 cts. per 

 pound. The tohacoo lost in shrinkage about L3 per cent from the time it was cured 

 to the time it was baled. Sixty-nine per cent of the crop was graded as heavy tiller, 

 L5 per cent as light filler, and 14. per cent as broken and trashy leave-, on the 

 Miami clay loam 509 lhs. of leaf per acre and on the Miami gravelly loam 770 Lbs, 

 were secured. In experiments conducted in 1902,2,191 lbs. of fermented tobacco 

 was obtained from 6 acres of Cuban seed leaf. Fiveacres of Zimmer Spanish this 

 same year yielded 748 lbs. per acre. In 1908, 7h acres of Cuban Beed tobacco on 

 Miami clay loam yielded 3,950 lbs. of air-cured leaf, which weighed 3,451 lbs. when 

 fermented and haled. 



In December, L904, the Zimmer Spanish was s^id at 1 < ; i cts. per pound, but the 

 I >hio Cuban was not sold because the leaf was a little too heavy. Neither of these 

 types of tobacco was up to the standard of quality, due to unfavorable climatic con- 

 ditions. The Ohio Cuban grown in L903 was sold at 35 cts. per pound, less 3 per cent 

 for cash, giving a return for the finished product of si4:'».s"> per acre. 



Complete directions are given for fermenting in bulk, together with the details oJ 

 fermenting different types of leaf. Changes in temperature of bulks of Zimmer Span- 

 ish, Ohio seed leaf, and Little Dutch are recorded. The Bureau introduced the hulk 



