594 EXPERIMENT STATION KECORD. 



the process may be applicable to the preservation of smallpox vaccine and vaccine 

 for foot-and-mouth disease. 



Prevention and cure of foot rot in sheep (Jour. Bd. Agr. [London], 12 (1905), 

 No. 6, pp. 360-364). — In treating this disease it was recommended that copper sul- 

 phate be used at the rate of 1 lb. to a gallon of water, or a weaker solution if pre- 

 vention is the only aim of the treatment. It is considered preferable to buy copper 

 sulphate in the powdered form and under a guaranty of 98 per cent purity. Badly 

 affected sheep should have their hoofs pared before they are driven through the 

 copper sulphate hath. 



Simple rules for judging reactions of tuberculin and mallein, 0. Malm 

 (Norsk Vet. Tidsskr., 17 I 1905), Nos. 3, pp. 49-58; 4, pp. 53-S>; 5, pp. 97-100).— The 

 various factors which may influence tuberculin and mallein reactions are critically 

 discussed by the author. The nature of tuberculin is defined and notes are given on 

 the strength and specific qualities of this reagent. 



In determining reactions many points have to be considered. The author 

 believes that Koch's tuberculin is the best for use in determining the existence of 

 tuberculosis. The most active agent in the tuberculin is a toxin of a specific nature. 

 The conclusions are reached that cattle must be considered tuberculous \i they show 

 a temperature not above 39.5° C. before injection, and a rise of at least 1° C. after 

 injection above the highest temperature shown before the tuberculin was adminis- 

 tered. With calves under 6 months of age, showing a range of temperature from 39 

 to 39.5° C, it is considered as a sufficient ground of suspecting tuberculosis if the 

 temperature rises above 40° C. after injection. It is recommended that tuberculin 

 tests be not given to cattle which show a temperature above 39.5° C. 



With regard to the use of mallein in the detection of glanders, it is recommended 

 that this product be under State control and that, for injection, 0.5 cc. of the fluid 

 preparation be used or 7 eg. of the dry material. All horses which show a rise of 

 temperature to the extent of 1 to 2° C. within 24 hours after injection, together 

 with general or local symptoms of irritation, are to be considered as certainly 

 glanderous. 



Report upon experiments made in the Royal Veterinary College, Dublin, 

 on two horses obtained from a stud infected with glanders, A. E. Mettam 

 (Dept. Agr. and Tech. Instr. Ireland Jour., 6 (1905), No. 1, pp. 39-44)- — The two ani- 

 mals discussed in this article came from a stable where glanders had prevailed, and 

 were kept under observation for the purpose of determining whether they had glan- 

 ders, and also whether mallein would have a curative effect upon the disease or 

 develop a tolerance in animals repeatedly inoculated with it. 



During the course of the experiments each animal received 5 injections of mallein, 

 the first 4 being administered at intervals of 1 week, after which 3 months were 

 allowed to elapse before the last injection was made. Both of the animals were 

 killed and carefully examined post-mortem. One animal was undoubtedly glander- 

 ous and responded promptly with the usual reactions after each injection. The other 

 animal did not respond at any time, and upon the post-mortem was found to be free 

 from glanderous lesions. A test was made on a third horse to determine the effect 

 of killed cultures of glanders bacilli. An injection of 5 cc. of an emulsion of glanders 

 bacilli produced no bad effects in the horse. 



The author believes that the results obtained during these experiments indicate 

 that mallein is a trustworthy diagnostic agent for glanders; that no tolerance to 

 mallein is set up in an animal which receives repeated doses of mallein, and that 

 infection with glanders probably occurs chiefly through the alimentary tract. The 

 last conclusion is based on the fact that one horse did not acquire glanders, although 

 constantly associated with the other glanderous horses. 



Glanders of horses, R. R: Dinwiddie (Arkansas Sta. Bid. 87, pp. 61-76).— A 

 portion of this bulletin is occupied with a brief discussion of the nature, symptoms, 



