660 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



and the ripened volunteer crop is cut for hay. The rye straw in the clover hay has 

 the advantage of making the stack much more capable of shedding the rain than the 

 pure clover. 



The sugar industry, and particularly the beet-sugar industry in the United 

 States, P.de Vilmorin (DeV Industrie du sucre et en particulier du sucre de betterares 

 Etats-Unis. Compiegne: 11. Lefebwe, 1905, pp. 16, map 1) .—A discussion of the 

 beet-sugar industry in the United States. The author concludes from his observa- 

 tions that the average yield of beets in this country is very low and the sugar con- 

 tent medium, except in the States where irrigation is practiced. 



Sugar cane, F. S. Earle {Estac. Cent. Agron. Cuba Bui. 2, pp. 47, pis. 2, Jigs. 17).— 

 This bulletin is a general treatise on sugar-cane culture in Cuba, describing the various 

 cane soils of the island, outlining different systems of growing the crop, and report- 

 ing the results of several culture and fertilizer tests. 



In the prevailing system of culture the cane is planted in hills about 3 ft, apart, 

 with a distance of 4.5 to 5 ft. between the rows. The soil is prepared and cultivated 

 the first season, but no further tillage is given. The Zayas system requires wider 

 planting, usually 9 by 12 ft., and giving continued cultivation throughout the year 

 with modern implements. I nder this system barnyard manure is used, but no com- 

 mercial fertilizers are applied, and in harvesting all canes not sufficiently mature for 

 cutting are allowed to remain for later ripening. 



At the station the Zayas system failed to produce a maximum first crop as com- 

 pared with the common system and the cost of production was greater. The saving 

 of immature canes was also unsatisfactory. It was further found that the cane grown 

 by the common system ripened earlier and during November averaged about 1 per 

 cent more of sucrose than the cane grown by the Zayas system. By the middle of 

 December the 2 lots were practically identical, and by the end of February the Zayas 

 cane contained 1.4 per cent more sucrose. 



Results obtained by cane growers at other points also show that the Zayas system 

 does not always give as good yields the first year as the common system. Some con- 

 sider this due to injury to the roots caused by the continued cultivation. In one 

 test the cost of soil preparation, planting, and cultivation according to this system 

 amounted to $527.86 per cabelleria (about 33^ acres). Cane grown on red land was 

 slightly better in quality than a crop from black land. 



A new variety of spelt, P. H. Stoll {Dent. Landw. Presse, 32 (1905), Xo. 59, pp. 

 506, 507, fig. 1). — A new variety obtained by crossing Rivett Bearded wheat and Red 

 Tyrolean spelt, and named Stoll Early Giant, is described. 



[Bibliography of tobacco] {Mo. Bee. Sci. Lit., 29 (1905), Xo. 6, pp. 186, 187).— X 

 list of 25 works on the culture, history, and other matters pertaining to tobacco, 

 published from 1733 to 1897. 



Spring vetch and winter vetch, E. Rabate (Jour. Agr. Pmt., n. ser., 10 (1905), 

 Xo. 36, pp. 304-306, figs. 5). — The 2 kinds of vetches are described and directions 

 for their culture are given. A cultural test showed that the seeds from the same pod 

 and the same plant are uniform in color, and it is concluded from this result that 

 the plants are, as a rule, self-fertilized. Directions are given for the determination 

 of the seed of the 2 species of vetches. 



Experiments with winter wheat, C. G. Williams (Ohio Sta. Bui. 165, pp. 

 35-65, figs. 11). — The description of varieties grown the past 2 seasons and the com- 

 parative yields and other data of varieties tested from 6 to 12 years are presented in 

 tabular form. The yields and protein content of the different varieties for the years 

 1901 to 1904, inclusive, are also given in tables. 



Based on the yields of grain alone, the best 10 varieties in the order of their rank 

 were Gypsy, Mealy, Early Ripe, Poole, Nigger, Perfection, Mediterranean, Valley, 

 Currell Prolific, and Dawson Golden Chaff; and based on the weight per bushel, the 



