672 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



A disease of artichokes, F. Parisot {Jour. Agr. Prat., n. ser., 10 (1905), No. 38, 

 pp. 369-371). — A disease of Jerusalem artichokes caused by the fungus Scterotinia 

 liberliana is described. 



The disease is characterized by the appearance on the lower part of the stalks of 

 brownish spots, which, as they become older, assume a tawny color. These spots 

 frequently arise on the lower roots and also on the tubers, but are seldom observed 

 more than 20 or 30 cm. above the soil. At the time of the development of these 

 spots the plant becomes dried out, taking a brownish color, the leaves wilt, and fall- 

 ing from the plants become rapidly disintegrated on the ground, and the roots and 

 tubers likewise rot rapidly. 



For the prevention of this disease various methods have been suggested, but prob- 

 ably the most efficient is that of rotation so that artichokes will not occupy the same 

 ground oftener than once in 3 or 4 years. The same fungus is known to attack pota- 

 toes, beans, corn, carrots, beets, ruta-bagas, sunflowers, and hemp, and these crops 

 should not be used in any rotation where an attempt is made to get rid of the fungus. 



Some diseases of cotton, G. Vert (Bol. Agr. [Sao Paulo], 6. ser., 1905, No. 4,pp- 

 156-165, figs. 8). — Notes are given on the fungus and insect enemies of cotton, princi- 

 pal attention being paid to the anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gossypii. This 

 disease is described at considerable length, the information being largely based on 

 the publications of this Department, 



Spraying- for cucumber and melon diseases, W. A. Orton ( U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Farmers' Bui. 231, pp. 24, fig*. 8). — The purpose of this bulletin is to describe briefly 

 the common diseases of cucurbits and the practical requirements for their control. 

 Among the diseases described are the downy mildew, leaf blight, anthracnose, a 

 number of miscellaneous leaf diseases, bacterial wilt, and fusarium wilt. 



The author briefly summarizes experiments carried on at a number of experiment 

 stations on the control of cucurbit diseases, and gives the results of spraying experi- 

 ments made under his direction at Charleston, S. C, in cooperation with the South 

 Carolina Station. Directions for spraying are given in detail. The author's investi- 

 gations showed that at a cost of $6.22 per acre 6 applications could be given cucum- 

 bers during a season. The experiments at Charleston resulted in the production of 

 150 baskets per acre, which were worth at market rates about $115. This was prac- 

 tically entire gain, as on account of the severity of the disease the plants would 

 have been destroyed if they had not been sprayed. 



Notes are given on the control of downy mildew, powdery mildew, and anthrac- 

 nose, which sometimes attack cucumbers grown under glass. 



Diseases of plants cultivated under glass, L. Mangin (Rev. Hort. [Paris'], 77 

 (1905), No. 17, p. 414)- — In order to combat the principal diseases of plants grown 

 under glass, the author recommends the sterilization of the soil by heat or steam and 

 spraying the plants with copper fungicides or naphthol. 



The copper has the disadvantage of staining the plants, and this may be avoided 

 by the substitution of naphthol for the other fungicides. Naphthol in the propor- 

 tion of 1 part to 10,000 is sufficient to prevent the germination of the spores of mil- 

 dew and drop disease, the two principal diseases of plants grown under glass. The 

 use of lysol in the proportion of 5 parts to 10,000 does not prevent the germination 

 of the spores of these fungi. 



Concerning the gummosis of oranges, A. L. Herrera ( Com. Par. Agr. [Mexico] , 

 Oirc. 19, pp. 4, fig. 1). — A description is given of the foot rot or gummosis of oranges, 

 which has become a serious disease in Michoacah. 



The disease, according to the author, is probably due to the fungus Futisporium 

 limonii, and all species of citrus fruit seem to be subject to its attack. As a treatment the 

 author recommends the removal of the soil for a distance of a meter about the trunk, 

 exposing the upper roots. The roots may be treated with solutions of sulphurous 



