F00D8 — HUMAN MTK'iTmN. fi83 



in Chinaas a culinary fat. is digested. When fresh this material is < sedtd to be 



a valuable autrient. The oil (which was presumably made from soy beans) i- rich 

 in olein. 



The fat-cleaving ferment of the mucous membrane of the stomach, A. 

 Fromme i Beitr. Chem. Physiol. ". l'<ith., ) I X905), A'-. / 8, pp. 51 -76). The experi- 

 ments reported furnished an additional demonstration of the presence of a fat-cleaving 

 fermenl in the mucous membrane of the stomach. I >ne of the questions considered 

 has to do with differences in the fat-cleaving fermenl obtained from different 

 animals. 



The extent of fat digestion in the stomach, A. Zinsseb (Beitr. Chem. Physiol. 



>i. Path., 7 (1905), No. i 8, pp. 81-50).— Experiments wit I rmal ami diseased 



subjects are reported. According to the author's results 25 per cenl of the fat emul- 

 sion taken by the normal subjects had undergone cleavage after an hour- stomach 

 digestion. This value is regarded as very probably an underestimate. 



On the influence of copious water drinking, P. B. Hawk (Reprinted from 

 Univ. I'' u, i. M<<J. Iln/., is (1905), No. /, />/'• 58). —Three experiments are reported 

 with healthy men in which comparatively large amounts of water (3,100 to 4,500 cc. 

 daily) were added to a uniform basal ration which contained in the fore and after 

 periods 500 CC. of water per day. Some of the principal conclusions which wen- 

 drawn follow: 



'•Copious water drinking causes an increased excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus 

 by the urine. The increase in the amount of nitrogen eliminated is due. primarily. 

 to the washing out of the tissues of the urea previously formed, but winch has uol 

 been removed in the normal processes, and secondarily, to a stimulation of proteid 

 catabolisra. The increase in the excretion of phosphorus is due to increased cellular 

 activity, and the accompanying catabolism on nucleins, lecithins, and other phos- 

 phorus-containing bodies." 



In one instance the increase in the nitrogen excreted in the urine after the inges- 

 tion of 9,000 cc. of water in 48 hours was 1.085 gni., or 9.8 per cent above the normal 

 output. 



The course of the sulphur excretion, the author states, showed a general tendency 

 to run parallel with that of nitrogen, although it was somewhat irregular. 



The influence upon the phosphorus excretion was distinctly different from that of 

 nitrogen or sulphur. " In every instance the excretion of phosphorus was increased 

 above the normal on each day of the water period, the maximum excretion occurring, 

 with absolute regularity, on the second day of the increased water ingestion. There 

 was a constant tendency for the largest percentage of the ingested fluid to be excreted 

 by the urine on the days of copious water drinking. This was indicated by an 

 elimination of 28.5 per cent on an ingestion of 2,300 cc. of fluid, as compared with an 

 elimination of 90.6 per cent on an ingestion of 6,400 cc. of fluid." 



Concerning the extractive material of muscular tissue. II, Carnitin, 

 \V. Gulewttsch and K. Kkimberg (Zltschr. Physiol. Chem., 45 (1905), No. 8-4,pp> 

 886-880). — From meat extract the authors claim that a mw substance was isolated 

 for which the name "carnitin" is proposed. (For earlier work Bee E. S. R., 12, p. 

 1076. ) 



The hydrolysis of proteids. II, Gelatin, Z. EL Skraup I Monatsh. Chem., 96 

 (1905), ji/>. 948-264; abs. in Biochem. Centbl, 4 (1005), No. 5, p. 181 '.—The cleavage 

 products of gelatin obtained by hydrolysis were studied and compared with bodies 

 obtained in a similar way from casein. Anew acid, for which the name " Leitnsaure" 

 was proposed, was identified. 



The hydrolysis of meat extracts, K. Micxo (Ztschr. Untersuch. Nahr. ". Genuss- 

 /////., 10 (1905), Xo. 7, pp. 898-415).— The hydrolysis of meat extract yielded con- 

 siderable alanin and in addition glycocol and leuein. 



